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October 2026 Current Affairs: Important Events, MCQs & PDF

830 updates· 50 MCQsLast updated

October 2026 current affairs for competitive exams, gathered in one place. Every story published this month is listed below by category and by date, and each links to its full article with key facts, the exam point of view and practice MCQs drawn from the official release. Every day of the month also has its own quiz. Candidates preparing for SSC, Banking, UPSC, Railway, Defence and State exams can use this page for a month-end revision.

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Category-wise Current Affairs

National

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Economy

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Banking & Finance

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Science & Technology

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Defence

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Sports

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Awards & Honours

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Appointments

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Government Schemes

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Important Days

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Obituaries

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Environment

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Reports & Indices

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Summits & Conferences

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Persons in News

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Books & Authors

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State News

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Daily editions in October 2026

  1. 30 updates
  2. 30 updates
  3. 31 updates
  4. 30 updates
  5. 30 updates
  6. 31 updates
  7. 15 updates
  8. 20 updates
  9. 30 updates
  10. 30 updates
  11. 28 updates
  12. 20 updates
  13. 30 updates
  14. 12 updates
  15. 25 updates
  16. 29 updates
  17. 31 updates
  18. 30 updates
  19. 31 updates
  20. 30 updates
  21. 16 updates
  22. 25 updates
  23. 30 updates
  24. 30 updates
  25. 30 updates
  26. 30 updates
  27. 30 updates
  28. 15 updates
  29. 21 updates
  30. 30 updates
  31. 30 updates

Top MCQs of October 2026

Q3.GeographyMedium

The Bailadila iron ore mines are located in which state?

  1. A.Odisha
  2. B.Chhattisgarh
  3. C.Karnataka
  4. D.Jharkhand
Show answer
Correct answer: B. Chhattisgarh

The Bailadila range in the Dantewada region of southern Chhattisgarh holds high grade haematite, and its ore has long been carried by a dedicated line to the port of Visakhapatnam for export as well as to the steel plants of the region.

Q10.GeographyEasy

India's first atomic power station was set up at:

  1. A.Tarapur in Maharashtra
  2. B.Kalpakkam in Tamil Nadu
  3. C.Rawatbhata in Rajasthan
  4. D.Narora in Uttar Pradesh
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Tarapur in Maharashtra

The Tarapur station on the Konkan coast north of Mumbai was the first nuclear power station to generate electricity in India, and it remains a working station.

Q13.Indian EconomyAsked in: UPSC CAPF · 20 Dec 2020Easy

What is meant by MSME?

  1. A.Medium, Small and Marginalized Enterprises
  2. B.Micro, Small and Marginalized Enterprises
  3. C.Medium, Strategic and Micro Enterprises
  4. D.Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises
Show answer
Correct answer: D. Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises

The expression comes from the Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises Development Act, which came into force on 2 October 2006 and gave the sector its first statutory definition, replacing the older language of small scale and ancillary industrial undertakings.

Q14.Indian EconomyAsked in: Uttar Pradesh · 5 Dec 2021Medium

In India, businesses with investment up to Rs. 1 Crore and turnover up to Rs. 5 Crore are known as:

  1. A.Tiny Enterprise
  2. B.Small Enterprise
  3. C.Micro Enterprise
  4. D.Medium Enterprise
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Micro Enterprise

Under the composite criteria notified in 2020, an enterprise with investment in plant, machinery or equipment up to one crore rupees and turnover up to five crore rupees is a micro enterprise, and the same ceilings apply whether it manufactures goods or renders services.

Q15.Indian EconomyAsked in: SSC CGL · 18 Jan, 2025Hard

In December 1991, which Act was amended to bring public enterprises under the purview of the Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction as part of the country's economic reforms programme?

  1. A.Industries Act
  2. B.Companies Act
  3. C.Financial Rehabilitation Act
  4. D.Sick Industrial Companies Act
Show answer
Correct answer: D. Sick Industrial Companies Act

This Act of 1985 had created the Board for Industrial and Financial Reconstruction to deal with sick industrial units in the private sector.

Q18.Indian EconomyMedium

Which document is described as the economic constitution of India?

  1. A.Industrial Policy Resolution of 1948
  2. B.Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956
  3. C.Industrial Policy Statement of 1977
  4. D.New Industrial Policy of 1991
Show answer
Correct answer: B. Industrial Policy Resolution of 1956

It set the framework in which Indian industry worked for more than three decades, dividing industry into three schedules: Schedule A reserved seventeen industries for the state, Schedule B marked twelve for growing state participation and Schedule C left the rest to private enterprise.

Q19.Indian EconomyMedium

Industrial licensing in India was made compulsory by which Act?

  1. A.Industries Development and Regulation Act, 1951
  2. B.MRTP Act, 1969
  3. C.FERA, 1973
  4. D.Companies Act, 1956
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Industries Development and Regulation Act, 1951

Under this Act a licence from the government was needed to set up a new factory, to expand capacity, to change the product line or to shift the location of a plant, which is how the state controlled the pattern of industrial growth until 1991.

Q20.Indian EconomyMedium

The MRTP Act of 1969 was replaced by which law?

  1. A.Competition Act, 2002
  2. B.Consumer Protection Act, 1986
  3. C.Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, 2016
  4. D.FEMA, 1999
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Competition Act, 2002

The MRTP Act had been framed for an economy of licences and was concerned with the size of firms; the Competition Act shifted the focus to conduct, prohibiting anti competitive agreements and the abuse of a dominant position and regulating combinations, and it created the Competition Commission of India to…

Q21.Indian EconomyHard

Which of the following industries still requires an industrial licence in India?

  1. A.Cement
  2. B.Industrial explosives
  3. C.Cotton textiles
  4. D.Sugar
Show answer
Correct answer: B. Industrial explosives

After the New Industrial Policy of 1991 licensing was abolished for almost all industries, and only a short list was kept under licence for reasons of security, health and social policy: defence equipment and aerospace, industrial explosives, specified hazardous chemicals, tobacco products such as cigarettes, and the distillation of alcoholic…

Q22.Indian EconomyHard

Which body is the nodal agency for the Prime Minister's Employment Generation Programme?

  1. A.Khadi and Village Industries Commission
  2. B.SIDBI
  3. C.NABARD
  4. D.National Small Industries Corporation
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Khadi and Village Industries Commission

The employment generation programme gives a bank loan with a government margin money subsidy to help a person set up a micro enterprise, and the Commission, set up in 1957 under the Ministry of MSME, is the national nodal agency, working through state boards and district industries centres.

Q24.Indian EconomyMedium

The Small Industries Development Bank of India was established in which year, and where is its headquarters?

  1. A.1982, Mumbai
  2. B.1990, Lucknow
  3. C.1991, New Delhi
  4. D.2000, Kanpur
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 1990, Lucknow

SIDBI was set up in 1990 as the principal financial institution for the promotion, financing and development of micro, small and medium enterprises, and it works mainly by refinancing banks and other lenders rather than by lending directly to every unit.

Q26.Indian HistoryMedium

Mangal Pandey, hanged in April 1857, belonged to which regiment?

  1. A.19th Native Infantry
  2. B.34th Native Infantry
  3. C.3rd Light Cavalry
  4. D.7th Awadh Irregular Infantry
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 34th Native Infantry

Mangal Pandey was a sepoy of this regiment stationed at Barrackpore near Calcutta. In March 1857 he attacked his officers rather than use the new greased cartridges; he was court martialled and hanged on 8 April 1857, and his regiment was disbanded.

Q27.Indian HistoryEasy

Who led the revolt of 1857 at Kanpur?

  1. A.Nana Saheb
  2. B.Kunwar Singh
  3. C.Khan Bahadur Khan
  4. D.Maulvi Ahmadullah Shah
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Nana Saheb

He was the adopted son of the last Peshwa, Baji Rao II, and the refusal of his pension by the Company was one of the causes of the revolt.

Q29.Indian HistoryMedium

Kunwar Singh, a leader of the Revolt of 1857, belonged to which region?

  1. A.Jagdishpur in Bihar
  2. B.Rohilkhand in present day Uttar Pradesh
  3. C.Bundelkhand in central India
  4. D.Malwa in present day Madhya Pradesh
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Jagdishpur in Bihar

Kunwar Singh, a zamindar of Jagdishpur in the Shahabad region, was about eighty years old when he took up arms, fought the British at Arrah with his brother Amar Singh and carried the revolt into central India before returning to Bihar, where he died in 1858.

Q30.Indian HistoryEasy

What was the immediate cause of the Revolt of 1857?

  1. A.Annexation of Awadh
  2. B.The greased cartridges of the Enfield rifle
  3. C.The Doctrine of Lapse
  4. D.The Vernacular Press Act
Show answer
Correct answer: B. The greased cartridges of the Enfield rifle

The new rifle needed a cartridge whose end had to be bitten open, and the sepoys believed the paper was greased with the fat of cows and pigs, which offended Hindus and Muslims alike.

Q34.Indian HistoryMedium

The government of India was transferred from the East India Company to the British Crown by which Act?

  1. A.Charter Act of 1853
  2. B.Government of India Act of 1858
  3. C.Indian Councils Act of 1861
  4. D.Government of India Act of 1919
Show answer
Correct answer: B. Government of India Act of 1858

Known as the Act for the Better Government of India, it abolished the East India Company along with the Board of Directors and the Board of Control, vested the government of India in the Crown, created the office of Secretary of State for India with a Council of India of…

Q36.Indian HistoryHard

Which historian described the Revolt of 1857 as neither first, nor national, nor a war of independence?

  1. A.V. D. Savarkar
  2. B.S. N. Sen
  3. C.R. C. Majumdar
  4. D.Benjamin Disraeli
Show answer
Correct answer: C. R. C. Majumdar

He held that the rising of 1857 was not the first armed challenge to British power, that it did not cover the whole country or unite its people, and that it was not fought for a clear idea of national independence; his summing up is quoted in this exact form…

Q39.Indian PolityEasy

The doctrine of the basic structure of the Constitution was laid down by the Supreme Court in which case?

  1. A.Shankari Prasad case, 1951
  2. B.Golaknath case, 1967
  3. C.Kesavananda Bharati case, 1973
  4. D.Minerva Mills case, 1980
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Kesavananda Bharati case, 1973

A bench of thirteen judges, the largest ever assembled at the time, held by a majority of seven to six that Parliament may amend any part of the Constitution, including the Fundamental Rights, but may not damage or destroy its basic structure.

Q41.Indian PolityHard

By which amendment was the President's assent to a Constitution Amendment Bill made obligatory?

  1. A.Twenty-fourth Amendment, 1971
  2. B.Twenty-fifth Amendment, 1971
  3. C.Forty-second Amendment, 1976
  4. D.Forty-fourth Amendment, 1978
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Twenty-fourth Amendment, 1971

It was passed in answer to the Golaknath ruling. It amended Article 13 and Article 368 to make clear that Parliament could take away or abridge a Fundamental Right by amendment, and it made the President's assent to such a bill compulsory, so an amendment bill can neither be withheld…

Q42.Indian PolityEasy

Which amendment to the Constitution of India is popularly called the mini Constitution?

  1. A.Forty-second Amendment
  2. B.Forty-fourth Amendment
  3. C.Fifty-second Amendment
  4. D.Seventy-third Amendment
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Forty-second Amendment

Enacted in 1976 on the recommendations of the Swaran Singh Committee, it changed so many provisions at one stroke that it is called the mini Constitution: it added the Fundamental Duties in Part IVA, inserted the words socialist, secular and integrity in the Preamble, extended the term of the Lok…

Q44.Indian PolityMedium

The voting age in India was reduced from twenty-one years to eighteen years by which amendment?

  1. A.Fifty-second Amendment
  2. B.Sixty-first Amendment
  3. C.Seventy-fourth Amendment
  4. D.Eighty-sixth Amendment
Show answer
Correct answer: B. Sixty-first Amendment

Passed in 1989, it amended Article 326 and lowered the voting age for elections to the Lok Sabha and the state legislative assemblies from twenty-one years to eighteen years, which brought a very large number of young voters on to the rolls for the general election that followed.

Q46.Indian PolityEasy

An amendment touching the federal provisions of the Constitution must be ratified by the legislatures of:

  1. A.Not less than one half of the states
  2. B.Not less than two thirds of the states
  3. C.Not less than three fourths of the states
  4. D.All the states
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Not less than one half of the states

For matters such as the election of the President, the extent of the executive power of the Union and the states, the Supreme Court and the High Courts, the Seventh Schedule, the representation of states in Parliament and Article 368 itself, the bill must first be passed by each House…

Q47.Indian PolityMedium

Which amendment provides for the reservation of one third of the seats for women in the Lok Sabha and the state legislative assemblies?

  1. A.One hundred and first Amendment
  2. B.One hundred and third Amendment
  3. C.One hundred and fourth Amendment
  4. D.One hundred and sixth Amendment
Show answer
Correct answer: D. One hundred and sixth Amendment

Passed in 2023 and called the Nari Shakti Vandan Adhiniyam, it inserted Articles 330A and 332A to reserve one third of the seats in the Lok Sabha and in the state legislative assemblies, as well as in the Delhi assembly, for women, the reservation to take effect after the delimitation…

Q48.Indian PolityAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · 2020Hard

Consider the following statements: 1. The Constitution of India defines its basic structure in terms of federalism, secularism, fundamental rights and democracy. 2. The Constitution of India has a provision for judicial review to safeguard the citizens' liberties and to preserve the ideals on which the Constitution is based. Which of the statements given above is or are correct?

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: D. Neither 1 nor 2

Statement 1 is wrong because the Constitution nowhere uses the expression basic structure or defines it. The doctrine is a creation of the Supreme Court in Kesavananda Bharati in 1973, and the courts have added features to it case by case, which is why no closed list exists.

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