Jal Arpan Held in Over 1,850 Gram Panchayats Under JJM 2.0

The correct answer is Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0. Jal Arpan is described as a key reform under that mission, and it places rural drinking water systems in the hands of the communities that use them by handing completed schemes to gram panchayats and to Village Water and Sanitation Committees. Option A, the Swachh Bharat Mission (Grameen), is wrong because that mission deals with sanitation and waste management rather than the handover of piped drinking water schemes, even though special gram sabhas on Gandhi Jayanti covered both subjects. Option C, Atal Bhujal Yojana, is wrong because it concerns groundwater management in water-stressed areas and is not the mission under which this handover reform sits. Option D, the National River Conservation Plan, is wrong because it addresses pollution in rivers, not village water supply. For revision, tie the name Jal Arpan to Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0 and to the two recipients of the schemes, namely the gram panchayat and the Village Water and Sanitation Committee.

The correct answer is 346. That many Har Ghar Jal certificates were generated for eligible gram panchayats and villages, and the issue of these certificates in regional languages through the Jal Arpan module was itself described as a first. The module now provides the certificate in Hindi, English and seventeen other regional languages, which is how the certification is being made easier for villagers to use. Options A and C are wrong because they are near misses on the certificate count and do not match the figure recorded for the occasion. Option D is wrong for a different and instructive reason: that figure is the number of gram panchayats and villages where Jal Arpan was observed, not the number of certificates issued, and mixing up two figures from the same announcement is the commonest way such a question is got wrong. Keep the two apart in revision, one for coverage and one for certificates.

The correct answer is Sujalam Bharat. Digital governance and asset management under Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0 are being strengthened through Sujalam Bharat, under which water supply assets and piped water supply sources are geotagged, and on the Jal Arpan occasion a total of 2691 assets were geotagged across the country, including about 700 sources. Option B is wrong because it refers to a separate initiative on village water bodies and was not named as the geotagging platform here. Option C is wrong because it is a campaign on water conservation and not the digital asset platform described. Option D is wrong because no such platform was named in connection with this geotagging exercise. The purpose of the exercise is worth noting as well: a geotagged inventory of assets and sources supports planning, monitoring and the long-term upkeep of rural water supply systems, which is the direction Jal Jeevan Mission 2.0 has taken.

The correct answer is gram panchayats and Village Water and Sanitation Committees. Jal Arpan marks the formal handover of completed rural water supply schemes, commissioned after the prescribed trial run period, to these two village-level bodies, which then take responsibility for operation, maintenance and long-term sustainability. Option A is wrong because district and block officials administer the programme but are not the bodies in whose hands the schemes are placed under this reform. Option C is wrong because state engineering departments build such schemes; the point of the reform is to move management away from them and towards the village. Option D is wrong because the handover is to community institutions, not to private companies. The idea being tested is community ownership, and the abbreviation VWSC for the Village Water and Sanitation Committee is worth memorising, since questions frequently use the short form alone.