Namami Gange: Ganga Basin GPI Compliance Reaches 86% in 2025

The correct answer is 86%. The Ministry of Jal Shakti review records that compliance among grossly polluting industries in the Ganga basin climbed from 39% in 2017 to 86% in 2025, a steady gain produced by annual inspection, independent technical assessment and sector charters. Option A, 39%, is wrong because that was the starting level in 2017, the year the annual inspection mechanism began with support from the Central Pollution Control Board, not the level reached in 2025. Option C, 70%, is wrong because that figure describes compliance across all the assessed units in both the Ganga and Yamuna basins taken together, a wider set than the Ganga basin alone. Option D, 95%, does not appear anywhere in the assessment and is simply a higher invented value. Alongside the compliance gain, the basin BOD load dropped from 26 TPD to 7.16 TPD, a cut of 72.46%, while effluent discharge eased from 349 MLD to 274.88 MLD.

The correct answer is 3,703. The 2025 inspection cycle covered 3,703 grossly polluting industries in all, spread over 113 districts in six states and one Union Territory, with the potential to discharge into 46 tributaries and sub-tributaries of the Ganga and Yamuna. Option A, 1,296, is wrong because that is only the Ganga basin share of the total. Option B, 2,407, is wrong for the same reason in reverse: it is the Yamuna basin share, and the two parts added together give the full figure. Option D, 3,154, is wrong because it counts the units found to be operational in 2025, up from 888 in 2017, rather than the number assessed. Inspections involve sampling at treatment plant inlets and outlets, readings of pH, BOD, COD, TSS and TDS, checks on online monitoring links and geo-tagged evidence of any bypass.

The correct answer is the Central Pollution Control Board. The annual inspection mechanism for grossly polluting industries in the Ganga basin began in 2017 with the support of the Central Pollution Control Board, described in the review as the national regulatory authority for this work. The inspections themselves are carried out by third-party agencies, mainly technical institutes of national importance, and 40 institutes have been nominated for the 2026 cycle against 25 engaged a year earlier. Each inspection team must include at least two experts from a technical institute along with a State Pollution Control Board officer. Option A is wrong because the clean Ganga mission runs the programme rather than serving as the regulator named here. Option C is wrong because groundwater assessment is only one element of the inspection method. Option D is wrong because the tribunal is a judicial forum and is not named in this inspection framework.

The correct answer is 72.46%. The review reports that the BOD load in the Ganga basin came down from 26 TPD in 2017 to 7.16 TPD in 2025, which works out to a reduction of 72.46%. Option A, 21.24%, is wrong because that figure measures the fall in effluent discharge in the same basin, from 349 MLD to 274.88 MLD, and not the organic load. Option B, 39%, is wrong because it is the compliance level of grossly polluting industries in 2017, the starting point for a rise to 86% by 2025. Option D, 65%, is wrong because that reduction belongs to the separate drive on high pollution-load units identified in 2022, whose load fell from 18.68 TPD to 6.381 TPD. Across both basins together, the BOD load eased from 26 TPD to 12.02 TPD over the same period.