Indian Polity Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 17

The Election Commission of India began issuing Electors Photo Identity Cards in 1993 to stop impersonation and bogus voting at polling booths.

Panchayati Raj Institutions are bodies of rural local self-government, through which villagers manage their own local affairs. Article 40, a Directive Principle, asks the State to organise village panchayats and give them the powers needed to function as units of self-government.

The general election held in April and May 2019 elected the 17th Lok Sabha, which first met in June 2019.

Manipur has been placed under President's Rule more often than any other state, more than ten times since 1967.

It was set up in 1992 under the National Commission for Women Act, 1990, so it is a statutory body, not a constitutional one.

The Latin words habeas corpus mean "you may have the body", and the writ orders a person who has detained someone to produce that person before the court.

In this case the Delhi High Court held in 2009 that Section 377, in so far as it criminalised consensual sex between adults in private, violated Articles 21, 14 and 15.

The Constitution gives the Supreme Court no such jurisdiction; the collegium is only the system by which senior judges recommend appointments.

Among the four, Charan Singh held office for the shortest time, about 170 days. He became Prime Minister on 28 July 1979 after the Janata government of Morarji Desai fell, but resigned on 20 August 1979 without ever facing Parliament, when the Congress withdrew its support.

Article 78 sets out the duties of the Prime Minister towards the President, chief among them keeping the President informed.

Under Article 54, the President is elected only by the elected members of both Houses of Parliament and the elected members of the State Legislative Assemblies, so a college of all members of Parliament and all State Legislatures is wrong.

India adopted the parliamentary form of government from Britain, often called the Westminster model.

Both statements about the Preamble are true. Statement 1 is correct because the Preamble resolves to secure to all citizens "EQUALITY of status and of opportunity", alongside justice (social, economic and political), liberty (of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship) and fraternity.

Protecting tribal land is the core purpose of a Scheduled Area. The Fifth Schedule covers Scheduled Areas in states other than Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram.

The Indian federation was not formed by an agreement among the States, so "the federating units consented to form a union" is not a feature of Indian federalism.

Radical socialism is a European political tradition, chiefly French, and is not one of the strands of socialism that grew in India.

The two statements are reversed: the Estimates Committee is a standing committee, and the Railway Convention Committee is an ad hoc committee.

Nehru moved the Objectives Resolution in the Constituent Assembly on 13 December 1946, and the Assembly adopted it on 22 January 1947.

Article 30 gives all minorities, whether based on religion or language, the right to establish and administer educational institutions of their choice, and names no other kind of minority.

All four of them, M.A. Ayyangar, G.S.