Indian Polity Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 19

This is the rule laid down in Article 233 of the Constitution. Appointment, posting and promotion of district judges in a state are made by the Governor, who must consult the High Court that exercises jurisdiction over that state.

The Constitution (Fortieth Amendment) Act, 1976 rewrote Article 297 so that all lands, minerals and other things of value lying in the territorial waters, the continental shelf and the exclusive economic zone of India vest in the Union and are held for the purposes of the Union.

Sindhi was added to the Eighth Schedule of the Constitution by the 21st Constitutional Amendment Act of 1967. The Eighth Schedule is the list of languages the Constitution recognises, and a candidate may take the civil services examination in any of them.

Article 148 of the Constitution provides for one Comptroller and Auditor General of India, so the office is held by a single person and not by a panel.

Section 8(1) of the Indian Independence Act, 1947 gave the Constituent Assembly of each new Dominion the powers of its legislature.

A bicameral State legislature has a Legislative Assembly and a Legislative Council, and Andhra Pradesh, Telangana, Bihar and Uttar Pradesh each have both Houses.

Article 168 says a State legislature consists of the Governor and either one House or two Houses. Where there are two, the upper House is the Legislative Council or Vidhan Parishad, and Karnataka is one of the few States that has kept it.

Article 85 of the Constitution deals with the sessions of Parliament, its prorogation and the dissolution of the Lok Sabha.

The Election Commission of India became a multi-member body for the first time on 16 October 1989, when two Election Commissioners were appointed alongside the Chief Election Commissioner just before the general election of that year.

Article 213 gives the Governor the power to promulgate an ordinance when the state legislature is not in session and he or she is satisfied that circumstances make immediate action necessary.

Article 66(3) of the Constitution says a person may be elected Vice-President only if he or she is a citizen of India, has completed 35 years of age and is qualified for election as a member of the Council of States, that is the Rajya Sabha.

Article 234 of the Constitution says that appointments of persons other than district judges to the judicial service of a state are made by the Governor, following rules framed after consulting the State Public Service Commission and the High Court of that state.

This article vests the superintendence, direction and control of elections in the Election Commission of India. Article 324 falls in Part XV of the Constitution, which covers elections.

The Vice President of India holds office for a term of five years from the date of entering upon the office.

The National Human Rights Commission works under the administrative control of the Ministry of Home Affairs, which is the nodal ministry for human rights in India.

Protecting monuments and places of national importance is not a fundamental duty; it is a directive principle under Article 49, which asks the State to protect monuments and objects of artistic or historic interest declared to be of national importance.

Article 131 of the Constitution gives the Supreme Court exclusive original jurisdiction in disputes between the Government of India and one or more states, and in disputes among states themselves.

The Salary and Allowances of Leaders of Opposition in Parliament Act, 1977 gave the post statutory recognition for the first time and fixed the pay and perks of the Leader of the Opposition in the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha.

Fundamental Duties were inserted by the 42nd Constitutional Amendment of 1976, passed during the Emergency when Indira Gandhi was Prime Minister.

Subordinate courts are the courts at the district level and below, and they hear civil and criminal cases as courts of first instance.