Which one of the following statements is not true about Ijarah system ?
- A.It was a system of revenue farming.
- B.It encouraged the role of middlemen.
- C.Under this system, land revenue was fixed for the peasant.
- D.The ijaradar paid a fixed amount to the State treasury.
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, Under this system, land revenue was fixed for the peasant. Under ijarah only the ijaradar's payment to the state was fixed; what he collected from the peasant was not, so the peasant faced rising and arbitrary demands.
Ijarah was revenue farming: the right to collect land revenue from an area was given, usually to the highest bidder, for a fixed sum paid to the state treasury. It spread in the late Mughal period and under the later Sultans and regional rulers, notably under Jahandar Shah and Farrukhsiyar in the early eighteenth century. Since the ijaradar kept whatever he collected above his contract, he squeezed the cultivators as hard as he could during his short lease, and the system was widely blamed for the oppression of peasants and the decline of agriculture.
A is wrong because ijarah was indeed revenue farming. B is wrong because it did strengthen middlemen between the state and the peasant. D is wrong because the ijaradar did pay a fixed amount to the treasury.
Exam tip: Ijarah: fixed for the state, unfixed for the peasant; it spread under Jahandar Shah and Farrukhsiyar.
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