Indian Polity Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 42

Habeas corpus can be issued by the Supreme Court under Article 32, where it is a remedy for the breach of the Fundamental Right to personal liberty, and by every High Court under Article 226, which covers Fundamental Rights and any other purpose as well.

A pressure group is an organised body of people with a shared interest that tries to influence government policy without contesting elections or seeking power itself, so a trade union pressing for better wages is the classic example.

Article 88 gives the Attorney General the right to speak in and otherwise take part in the proceedings of both Houses of Parliament, any joint sitting and any committee of which the office holder is named a member, but without the right to vote.

The anti-defection law sits in the Tenth Schedule, which sets out when a member of Parliament or of a State legislature loses the seat for defecting.

The Citizenship Act of 1955 lays down five ways of acquiring Indian citizenship: by birth, by descent, by registration, by naturalisation and by incorporation of territory.

Article 66(3) of the Constitution says a person must have completed 35 years of age to be eligible for election as Vice-President.

Under Article 100(3), the quorum to constitute a meeting of either House of Parliament is one-tenth of the total number of members of the House, including the Speaker or the person acting as presiding officer.

The 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 inserted a new Part IVA into the Constitution, with a single Article, 51A, that lists the Fundamental Duties of every citizen.

The 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 inserted Article 43A, which asks the State to take steps, by suitable legislation or in any other way, to secure the participation of workers in the management of undertakings and industrial establishments.

Speaking in the Constituent Assembly, Dr B.R. Ambedkar said that if he were asked to name the most important Article, one without which the Constitution would be a nullity, he could not refer to any other; it was "the very soul of the Constitution and the very heart of it".

The right to form associations or unions is part of Article 19, and Article 19 rights belong only to citizens of India.

It is not correct, because the President causes the Commission's reports to be laid before each House of Parliament, not only before the Lok Sabha.

Statement 3 is the only incorrect one, because laws on the delimitation of constituencies are made by Parliament, not by the Election Commission.

It is not correct, because Article 31B says the opposite: an Act placed in the Ninth Schedule shall not become void merely because it is inconsistent with a fundamental right in Part III.

The Sixth Schedule covers the administration of tribal areas in exactly these four north-eastern states.

The power to issue writs for fundamental rights is not exclusive to the Supreme Court, because High Courts also issue writs under Article 226.

All three protect the rights of the Scheduled Castes: one is a provision of the Constitution and two are laws made by Parliament to give it effect.

Relief under the Act is not limited to the husband or male partner; a complaint can also be filed against his relatives.

Since the 44th Amendment of 1978, a National Emergency can be declared only on the grounds of war, external aggression or armed rebellion.

This is a Directive Principle under Article 43, not a Fundamental Duty. Fundamental Duties are listed in Article 51A, added in Part IVA by the 42nd Amendment of 1976 on the advice of the Swaran Singh Committee.