Geography GK Questions with Answers – Page 29

The Equator and the Prime Meridian both lie on circles whose centre is the centre of the Earth.

Indian farming is dominated by food crops, not cash crops. Most of India’s cropped area is under food grains such as rice, wheat, millets and pulses, grown largely to feed the farm family and the country.

South India has an equable, maritime climate, not an extreme one, because it lies close to the equator and is surrounded by the sea on three sides.

The Son is a right-bank tributary that flows straight into the Ganga, meeting it near Patna in Bihar.

The Bhakra Nangal Project is built on the Satluj, and its canals carry Satluj water to Punjab, Haryana and Rajasthan.

Geyserite is a chemically formed sedimentary rock: it is silica that comes out of solution from hot spring and geyser water and is deposited around the vent.

Loktak Lake lies in the valley of Manipur, south of Imphal, and is the largest freshwater lake in north-east India.

Census 2011 put their densities at about 17, 52, 86 and 123 persons per square kilometre, in that order. Arunachal Pradesh, with steep, forested mountains and a small population spread over a large area, has the lowest population density of any Indian state at 17 persons per sq km.

Physiological density divides the total population by the area of arable or net cultivated land, showing how many people each unit of farmland must support.

The pull of the Sun and Moon raises the tides, the regular rise and fall of the sea, but it is not counted among the forces that drive ocean currents.

Anamudi, about 2,695 metres high, rises in the Anaimalai hills of the Idukki district of Kerala and is the highest peak of the Western Ghats and of the whole peninsular plateau south of the Himalayas; the Eravikulam National Park around it shelters the Nilgiri tahr.

Dhupgarh, about 1,350 metres high, stands in the Pachmarhi hills of Madhya Pradesh and is the highest peak of the Satpura range, which is a block mountain bounded by faults along the Narmada and the Tapi.

Residual or relict mountains are what is left when a plateau or an old mountain mass is worn down for a very long time and only the hardest rock stands out; the Nilgiri in the Western Ghats, Parasnath in Jharkhand, Girnar in Gujarat and the Rajmahal hills are the Indian…

A piedmont plateau lies at the foot of a mountain range with a plain or the sea on its other side, and it is usually lower than an intermontane plateau; Patagonia lies between the Andes and the Atlantic, and the Piedmont plateau of the United States between the Appalachians and…

A peneplain, meaning almost a plain, is the end stage of the normal cycle of river erosion in a humid region, when valleys have widened and divides have been worn down until the land lies close to base level, with a few resistant residual hills standing above it.

Khadar is the low-lying newer alluvium that the rivers flood and renew nearly every year, so it is free of lime nodules, rich in fine silt and the most productive land of the plain; in Punjab the Khadar strip along a river is called Bet.

The Bhabar is a narrow belt of eight to sixteen kilometres along the foot of the Shiwaliks, laid with pebbles and gravel brought down by the rivers; it is so permeable that the smaller streams sink into it and vanish.

The Deccan Trap was built by fissure eruptions of highly fluid basalt lava towards the close of the Cretaceous period, which spread as sheet after sheet over a vast area of western and central India; the weathering of that basalt gives the black cotton soil, also called regur.

Lying between the Himalayas on the south and the Kunlun on the north, it is an intermontane plateau, the highest and the largest in the world, with an average elevation of about four and a half thousand metres, which is why it is called the Roof of the World.

Kilimanjaro in Tanzania is a dormant volcano built up by repeated eruptions of lava and ash around its vents, and at 5,895 metres it is the highest point in Africa.