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Geography Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers

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Geography questions asked in previous year papers of SSC, Banking, Railway and other exams, with the exam and year, answers and explanations.

1078 previous-year questions

All Geography questionsGeography NotesPYQs by exam
Q2.GeographyAsked in: NDA · NDA-II 2026, GATMedium

The 'Agricultural Population Density' is referred to as the ratio of the :

  1. A.Total population to Net cultivable land
  2. B.Agricultural population to Gross cropped area
  3. C.Total population to Total reported land
  4. D.Total agricultural population to Net cultivable land
Show answer
Correct answer: D. Total agricultural population to Net cultivable land

Agricultural density measures how many farm people depend on each unit of land that can actually be farmed. Geographers use three densities.

Q3.GeographyAsked in: NDA · NDA-II 2026, GATMedium

Consider the following statements regarding the nature of rocks : I. Rocks are aggregates of one or more minerals. II. Granite is softer than soapstone. III. Gabbro is black and quartzite can be milky white. IV. Sedimentary rocks are related to foliation. Which of the statements given above are not correct ?

  1. A.I and II
  2. B.I and III
  3. C.II and IV
  4. D.II and III
Show answer
Correct answer: C. II and IV

Granite is far harder than soapstone, and foliation is a feature of metamorphic rocks, not sedimentary ones, so these two statements are wrong.

Q4.GeographyAsked in: NDA · NDA-II 2026, GATMedium

Which group of landlocked states shares a boundary with Madhya Pradesh?

  1. A.Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra and Gujarat only
  2. B.Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand and Chhattisgarh only
  3. C.Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Jharkhand, Chhattisgarh, Maharashtra and Gujarat
  4. D.Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh only
Show answer
Correct answer: D. Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh and Chhattisgarh only

Madhya Pradesh touches five states, and only these three of them have no coastline. Madhya Pradesh, itself landlocked, sits in the heart of India and borders Rajasthan to the north-west, Uttar Pradesh to the north-east, Chhattisgarh to the south-east, Maharashtra to the south and Gujarat to the west.

Q6.GeographyAsked in: NDA · NDA-I 2026, GATMedium

Consider the following pairs : Layers of Atmosphere — Characteristics I. Troposphere — Absorbs ultraviolet radiation II. Stratosphere — Changes in weather and climate III. Mesosphere — Reflects radio waves back to the Earth How many of the pairs given above are correctly matched?

  1. A.None
  2. B.One
  3. C.Two
  4. D.All the three
Show answer
Correct answer: A. None

Each characteristic in the list belongs to a different layer from the one it is paired with. Ultraviolet radiation is absorbed by the ozone layer, which lies in the stratosphere, roughly 15 to 35 km above the Earth.

Q7.GeographyAsked in: NDA · NDA-II 2026, GATMedium

Consider the following : I. Abrasion II. Attrition III. Hydraulic action IV. Solution Which of the above are the main types of river erosion ?

  1. A.I, II and III only
  2. B.I, III and IV only
  3. C.II and IV only
  4. D.I, II, III and IV
Show answer
Correct answer: D. I, II, III and IV

All four are recognised processes by which a river wears away its bed and banks. Hydraulic action is the sheer force of moving water that loosens rock and forces air into cracks.

Q8.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2026, GKMedium

Consider the following statements about the Sargasso Sea : 1. It is the only sea without a land boundary. 2. The Sargasso Sea records the lowest salinity in the Atlantic Ocean. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: A. 1 only

The Sargasso Sea lies in the North Atlantic Ocean, east of Bermuda, and it is the only sea in the world with no land coast.

Q10.GeographyAsked in: NDA · NDA-II 2026, GATMedium

Consider the following statements regarding the structure of the atmosphere : I. The average height of the troposphere is higher nearer the poles than at the equator. II. The mesosphere contains the ozone layer. III. Radio waves transmitted from the Earth are reflected to the Earth by the ionosphere. IV. In the mesosphere, temperature decreases with an increase in altitude. Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. A.I and II only
  2. B.II and III only
  3. C.III and IV only
  4. D.I, II, III and IV
Show answer
Correct answer: C. III and IV only

Statements III and IV describe the ionosphere and the mesosphere correctly, while I and II mix up facts about the troposphere and the ozone layer.

Q13.GeographyAsked in: NDA · NDA-II 2026, GATEasy

In the southern hemisphere, trade winds blow from:

  1. A.North-East to South-West
  2. B.South-East to North-West
  3. C.North-West to South-East
  4. D.South-West to North-East
Show answer
Correct answer: B. South-East to North-West

In the southern hemisphere the trade winds are the south-east trades, blowing from the subtropical high towards the equator and turned to their left by the Coriolis force.

Q15.GeographyAsked in: NDA · NDA-II 2026, GATEasy

The Earth's equatorial region bulges outward, but the Earth flattens slightly towards the polar regions due to the :

  1. A.Presence of a large oceanic mass in the southern hemisphere
  2. B.Earth's rotational force
  3. C.Earth's revolution
  4. D.Greater gravitational force at the equator
Show answer
Correct answer: B. Earth's rotational force

The spin of the Earth throws the equatorial belt outward, so the planet bulges at the equator and is flattened at the poles.

Q17.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2026, GKMedium

Which of the following statements about the Black Soils of India is/are correct ? 1. Black Soils cover most of the Deccan Plateau. 2. Also known as 'Regur', they are generally clayey, deep and impermeable. 3. Since they are impermeable, rainfed crops do not grow well in Black Soils. Select the answer using the codes given below :

  1. A.1 and 2 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.1, 2 and 3
  4. D.3 only
Show answer
Correct answer: A. 1 and 2 only

Black soil covers most of the Deccan Plateau, and its clay holds water so well that rainfed crops actually do well in it, so statement 3 is false.

Q18.GeographyAsked in: NDA · NDA-I 2026, GATEasy

Consider the following statements regarding hypocentre : I. It is the point where the energy is released and is called the focus of an earthquake. II. It is the point where the earthquake starts and may be many kilometers deep within the Earth. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.I only
  2. B.II only
  3. C.Both I and II
  4. D.Neither I nor II
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Both I and II

The hypocentre, also called the focus, is the point inside the Earth where the rupture begins and the stored energy is released.

Q19.GeographyAsked in: NDA · NDA-II 2026, GATMedium

Consider the following statements with regard to igneous rocks : I. These rocks cannot be changed into metamorphic rocks. II. When molten material is cooled slowly at great depths, mineral grains tend to be very small. III. These rocks are known as primary rocks. Which of the statements given above is/are correct ?

  1. A.I and II only
  2. B.III only
  3. C.II and III only
  4. D.I, II and III
Show answer
Correct answer: B. III only

Igneous rocks are called primary rocks, but they can be changed into metamorphic rocks, and slow cooling gives large grains, not small ones.

Q20.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2026, GKMedium

Consider the following statements regarding the Northwestern Himalayas :

1. Karewa formations in Kashmir consist of thick deposits of glacial clay and other materials embedded with moraines.

2. Pangong Tso and Tso Moriri in Ladakh are freshwater lakes.

3. River Jhelum exhibits meanders in the Kashmir Valley.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.1 and 3 only
  3. C.2 and 3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 1 and 3 only

Statements 1 and 3 describe the Kashmir Himalayas correctly, but Pangong Tso and Tso Moriri are salt-water lakes. The Karewas are thick deposits of glacial clay and other materials embedded with moraines, laid down on the floor of the Kashmir Valley; they are famous for the cultivation of saffron (zafran).