Environment & Ecology Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 15

Both 'Momentum for Change' and 'Climate Neutral Now' are initiatives of the secretariat of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, based in Bonn.

All three statements about coral reefs are correct. Reef-building corals need warm, clear, shallow water, roughly between 20 °C and 30 °C, so almost all reefs lie in the tropics between about 30° N and 30° S. Indonesia, Australia and the Philippines together hold well over a third of the…

PAGE was launched in 2013 as a direct response to the call made at the Rio+20 conference of June 2012, whose outcome document, 'The Future We Want', recognised the green economy as a tool for sustainable development and poverty eradication.

Heavy sand mining lowers the water table and exposes groundwater to pollution, but it does not reduce river salinity. Riverbed sand acts as a sponge and a filter: it stores water, recharges the aquifers along the river and cleans water as it seeps down.

In this chain each organism is eaten by the next: grass, a producer, is eaten by the goat, a herbivore, and the goat is eaten by humans, so energy passes in a straight line.

The National Green Tribunal was established in October 2010, and the 11th Plan ran from 2007 to 2012. The tribunal was created by the National Green Tribunal Act, 2010, which drew on Article 21's right to a healthy environment.

Carbon fertilization is the rise in the rate of photosynthesis, and so in plant growth, when there is more carbon dioxide in the air.

Reef-building corals are marine animals and die in fresh water, so this statement is false. Corals are tiny polyps that build skeletons of calcium carbonate and live with algae called zooxanthellae inside their tissues.

In India the Indus river dolphin survives only in a short stretch of the Beas in Punjab, around the Harike wetland.

GACSA is a voluntary alliance whose members take on no binding obligations, but it was not born in Paris and India did not drive its creation.

From south to north the order is Bhadra (Karnataka), Simlipal (Odisha), Pachmarhi (Madhya Pradesh) and Shikari Devi (Himachal Pradesh). Bhadra lies in the Western Ghats of Chikkamagaluru district, Karnataka, at about 13.5°N, and is a tiger reserve.

The Gulf of Khambhat has no coral reefs, because its water is muddy with silt and its tides are among the highest on India's coast.

Dachigam National Park near Srinagar, in the Himalaya biogeographic zone, is the last stronghold of the hangul, the Kashmir stag, which is the only surviving race of the red deer group in the Indian subcontinent and the state animal of Jammu and Kashmir.

Oceans cover close to seventy-one per cent of the earth's surface and hold about ninety-seven per cent of its water, which makes the marine ecosystem the largest on the planet by both area and volume.

The earthworm is called the farmer's friend because its work keeps soil fit for crops. As it burrows it loosens the soil and lets air and water reach the roots, and the castings it leaves behind are rich in nitrogen, phosphorus and potash, so the topsoil is steadily renewed.

The second statement describes the two bodies correctly while the first gets the origin of the Board wrong, so only statement 2 can be accepted.

Silent Valley National Park lies in the Palakkad district of Kerala, in the Nilgiri hills of the Western Ghats, and protects one of the last stretches of undisturbed tropical evergreen forest in the country.

The National Green Tribunal was set up under the National Green Tribunal Act of 2010 to settle cases on the environment, forests, water, air and biodiversity quickly, and India thus became one of the first countries in the world to create a special court of this kind.

An ocean thermal energy conversion plant works only where the warm surface water is at least about 20 degrees Celsius hotter than the cold water drawn from the depths.

RRECL, with its office in Jaipur, is the state nodal agency of the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy for developing power from non-conventional sources in Rajasthan.