Railway GK Questions 2026

In lyophilisation the material is first frozen and then placed under a strong vacuum, so that the ice changes directly into vapour without passing through the liquid state.

Pasteurisation is not sterilisation: it is a mild heating that kills disease-causing organisms such as Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Salmonella and Brucella and most spoilage bacteria, while leaving the taste and nutritive value of milk largely unchanged.

Khesari dal, botanically Lathyrus sativus and also called grass pea, is a hardy pulse that survives drought and is therefore sometimes mixed with arhar dal or besan.

Argemone mexicana, the prickly poppy known in India as satyanashi, has seeds that look very like mustard seeds, so its oil is a classic adulterant of mustard oil.

A harvested fruit is still a living tissue that keeps respiring, using up its own sugars and acids and giving off heat, carbon dioxide and ethylene.

The Preamble sums up the ideals and aims of the Constitution, so it is called the key to the minds of its makers.

Alfalfa, chickpea and clover are legumes, and legumes fix nitrogen. Plants of the legume family (Fabaceae) carry root nodules that house Rhizobium bacteria.

Statement 1 is wrong because the Bodhisattva ideal is central to Mahayana Buddhism, not Hinayana. A Bodhisattva is a being moved by compassion who is on the path to Buddhahood but postpones his own nirvana so that he can help all living beings reach liberation.

The Jhelum, Ravi and Sutlej all end up in the Chenab, and the Chenab carries their combined water to the Indus.

The golden mahseer is a large freshwater fish, not a bird. The golden mahseer (Tor putitora) lives in fast-flowing rivers of the Himalayan foothills, from the Indus basin to the Brahmaputra.

Neither beta nor gamma emission changes the total number of protons and neutrons in a nucleus, so the mass number stays the same.

SAUBHAGYA, the Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana, aimed to give an electricity connection to every household. The scheme was launched by the Ministry of Power in September 2017 and was carried out mainly through the Rural Electrification Corporation.

This is the second fundamental duty, listed in Article 51A(b) of the Constitution. Fundamental duties were added in Part IVA by the 42nd Amendment of 1976, on the recommendation of the Swaran Singh Committee, and drew on the constitution of the former USSR.

Heavy water is D₂O: two atoms of deuterium joined to one atom of oxygen. Deuterium is the isotope of hydrogen with one proton and one neutron in its nucleus, so it is about twice as heavy as ordinary hydrogen.

Hydrogen bonds lock the molecules of ice into an open cage, so ice takes up more space than the same mass of liquid water.

To mark International e-Waste Day, which falls on 14 October, the Department of School Education and Literacy put up a mural made out of 50 kg of discarded electronics that school pupils had gathered, and installed e-waste bins alongside it at Kartavya Bhavan 2.

The school level work under Special Campaign 6 is carried out under their aegis. Schools across the country have taken up cleaning drives on their campuses so that classrooms and grounds stay hygienic, and have run e-waste awareness and collection drives aimed at both pupils and teachers.

The Department of School Education and Literacy has fixed that day for a drive in schools across the country to raise awareness about electronic waste and to collect it, as part of Special Campaign 6.

BHARAT TULIP is the brand the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment has built to widen the market for goods made by target-group artisans, taking them to digital platforms in India and abroad.

The Mysuru fair carries 83 stalls, of which 80 have gone to artisans, and 37 of those artisans are women.