Which of the following are prescribed as the duties of Vaishyas according to the Dharmashastras ? 1. Studying the Vedas 2. Engaging in trade Select the correct answer using the code given below :
- A.1 only
- B.2 only
- C.Both 1 and 2
- D.Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, Both 1 and 2. The Dharmashastras assigned the Vaishyas both the study of the Vedas and trade, along with agriculture and cattle-rearing.
The Dharmasutras and Dharmashastras, such as the Manusmriti, laid down ideal occupations for the four varnas. Brahmanas were to study and teach the Vedas, perform sacrifices and give and receive gifts. Kshatriyas were to fight, protect people and administer justice, and also study the Vedas and have sacrifices performed. Vaishyas were expected to study the Vedas, have sacrifices performed and make gifts, and in addition to engage in agriculture, pastoralism and trade. Shudras had one duty: to serve the three higher varnas.
A is wrong: it leaves out trade, the main occupation of the Vaishyas.
B is wrong: Vaishyas, as one of the twice-born varnas, were also to study the Vedas.
D is wrong: both duties were prescribed.
Exam tip: Vaishya duties: study the Vedas, perform sacrifice, give gifts, plus agriculture, pastoralism and trade.
Practice Questions
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