Science & Technology Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 3

LOFAR, the Low Frequency Array, is a huge radio telescope network built by ASTRON in the Netherlands, described as the largest and most sensitive radio telescope working at low frequencies.

Ethereum, Solana, Polkadot and Tether are all names from the world of blockchain-based digital currencies. A cryptocurrency is a digital asset recorded on a blockchain, a shared ledger kept by many computers, and secured by cryptography rather than issued by a central bank.

DNA barcoding tells us which species a sample belongs to, not how old the organism is.

Metal-oxide nanoparticles are used in cosmetics and some nanoparticles released into the environment can harm people, but nanoparticles are not made only by humans.

NFTs are unique blockchain tokens that can represent an asset, but being non-fungible they cannot be swapped one-for-one like money.

Sputnik V uses adenovirus vectors and Covaxin uses killed (inactivated) virus; Covishield is not an mRNA vaccine. Covishield is the Oxford–AstraZeneca vaccine made in India by the Serum Institute.

In a Fractional Orbital Bombardment System, a warhead is placed in a low orbit around the Earth and then brought down out of that orbit onto its target.

All three describe the idea of Web 3.0: a decentralised internet where users own their data and run the platforms together.

Fusion is the joining of two light nuclei into a heavier one, with a neutron or other products released and a large amount of energy appearing because the mass of the product is slightly less than the mass of the reactants; in ITER the reaction fuses deuterium and tritium into…

He developed the probe that made DNA fingerprinting practicable in India at the Centre for Cellular and Molecular Biology at Hyderabad, where the first Indian case used the technique in 1988; he later founded the Centre for DNA Fingerprinting and Diagnostics and served as Vice-Chancellor of Banaras Hindu University.

PARAM Ganga was set up at IIT Roorkee in 2022 under the second phase of the National Supercomputing Mission, and it was designed and installed by C-DAC.

In an intrinsic, that is a chemically pure, semiconductor every free electron is produced by breaking a covalent bond, and breaking a bond leaves behind exactly one hole, so electrons and holes are created strictly in pairs and their concentrations must be equal.

The Prime Minister announced the National Hydrogen Mission in his Independence Day speech from the Red Fort on 15 August 2021, with the aim of making India a hub for producing and exporting green hydrogen.

Sindhu Netra was developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation and was placed in orbit in February 2021 by the PSLV-C51 flight, the same flight whose main payload was the Amazonia-1 satellite of Brazil.

Nanotechnology deals with matter at the scale of roughly 1 to 100 nanometres, where materials begin to show new properties.

Agni-P, or Agni Prime, is a new-generation nuclear-capable ballistic missile of the Agni family developed by the Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), with a range capability of 1,000 to 2,000 km.

The Heron is an unmanned aerial vehicle built by Israel Aerospace Industries (IAI), and India has bought it for its armed forces.

Bollgard I and Bollgard II are Bt cotton technologies that make the cotton plant resistant to bollworms. Bt cotton carries genes taken from the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, which make Cry proteins that are toxic to the larvae of bollworms.

PARAM Shivay was commissioned in 2019 at the Indian Institute of Technology (BHU), Varanasi, and it was the first supercomputer assembled within India under the National Supercomputing Mission.

The Specific Absorption Rate measures how much radio energy from a handset the body takes in, in watts per kilogram of tissue.