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Geography Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 7

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Geography questions asked in previous year papers of SSC, Banking, Railway and other exams, with the exam and year, answers and explanations.

1078 previous-year questions

Q122.GeographyAsked in: UPSC CAPF · CAPF 2025, Paper IHard

Consider the following statements with reference to salt weathering :

1. Salts in rocks expand due to thermal action, hydration and crystallization.

2. Salts like calcium, sodium, magnesium and barium have a tendency to expand.

3. Salt weathering is a typical example of chemical weathering.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.1 and 2 only
  3. C.2 and 3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 1 and 2 only

Salt weathering breaks rock by the physical pressure of growing salts, so it is a form of physical (mechanical) weathering, not chemical weathering.

Q123.GeographyAsked in: UPSC CAPF · CAPF 2025, Paper IMedium

Which of the following statements is/are correct?

1. The time at 180° longitude is exactly 12 hours from the 0° longitude, irrespective of whether one travels westward or eastward from the Prime Meridian.

2. A person moving eastward on Tuesday will count the day as Wednesday once the International Date Line is crossed.

Select the answer using the code given below.

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: A. 1 only

Statement 1 is right, but statement 2 has the date change the wrong way round. The Earth turns 360° in 24 hours, so every 15° of longitude means one hour of time.

Q124.GeographyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2025, GS Paper IHard

With reference to the planet Earth, consider the following statements : I. Rain forests produce more oxygen than that produced by oceans. II. Marine phytoplankton and photosynthetic bacteria produce about 50% of world's oxygen. III. Well-oxygenated surface water contains several folds higher oxygen than that in atmospheric air. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.I and II
  2. B.II only
  3. C.I and III
  4. D.None of the above statements is correct
Show answer
Correct answer: B. II only

About half of the oxygen made on Earth comes from ocean phytoplankton and cyanobacteria, more than from rain forests, and sea water holds far less oxygen than air.

Q126.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2025, GKMedium

Which of the following statements with reference to saline soil in India is/are correct ? 1. They are rich in nitrogen. 2. They occur in arid and semi-arid regions, and in waterlogged and swampy areas. Select the answer using the code given below :

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 2 only

Saline soils are found in dry regions and in waterlogged or swampy areas, but they are poor in nitrogen, not rich in it.

Q128.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2025, GKMedium

Which of the following statements with reference to Jordan is/are correct ? 1. The country of Jordan was created through the British Mandate after World War I. 2. It is a landlocked country. Select the answer using the code given below :

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: A. 1 only

Jordan grew out of the British Mandate after the First World War, but it is not landlocked because it touches the Gulf of Aqaba.

Q129.GeographyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2025, GS Paper IHard

Consider the following statements :

Statement I : In the context of effect of water on rocks, chalk is known as a very permeable rock whereas clay is known as quite an impermeable or least permeable rock.

Statement II : Chalk is porous and hence can absorb water.

Statement III : Clay is not at all porous.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

  1. A.Both Statement II and Statement III are correct and both of them explain Statement I
  2. B.Both Statement II and Statement III are correct but only one of them explains Statement I
  3. C.Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I
  4. D.Neither Statement II nor Statement III is correct
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Only one of the Statements II and III is correct and that explains Statement I

Chalk is porous and lets water in, which explains why it is permeable; clay, however, is porous too, so Statement III is wrong.

Q130.GeographyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2025, GS Paper IHard

Consider the following statements :

Statement I : In January, in the Northern Hemisphere, the isotherms bend equatorward while crossing the landmasses, and poleward while crossing the oceans.

Statement II : In January, the air over the oceans is warmer than that over the landmasses in the Northern Hemisphere.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

  1. A.Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I
  2. B.Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement I
  3. C.Statement I is correct but Statement II is not correct
  4. D.Statement I is not correct but Statement II is correct
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I

In the northern winter the oceans stay warmer than the land, and that temperature contrast is what bends the isotherms.

Q131.GeographyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2025, GS Paper IMedium

Consider the following statements :

Statement I : The amount of dust particles in the atmosphere is more in subtropical and temperate areas than in equatorial and polar regions.

Statement II : Subtropical and temperate areas have less dry winds.

Which one of the following is correct in respect of the above statements?

  1. A.Both Statement I and Statement II are correct and Statement II explains Statement I
  2. B.Both Statement I and Statement II are correct but Statement II does not explain Statement I
  3. C.Statement I is correct but Statement II is not correct
  4. D.Statement I is not correct but Statement II is correct
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Statement I is correct but Statement II is not correct

Dust is indeed concentrated in subtropical and temperate belts, but the reason is that these belts have more dry winds, not less.

Q132.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2025, GKMedium

Which of the following statements with reference to Easter Island, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is/are correct? 1. It is part of Polynesia group of islands. 2. It is a territory of the South American nation Chile. Select the answer using the code given below:

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Both 1 and 2

Easter Island, or Rapa Nui, is a Polynesian island in the south-eastern Pacific that has belonged to Chile since 1888.

Q134.GeographyAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2025, GS Paper IMedium

Which of the following are the evidences of the phenomenon of continental drift?

I. The belt of ancient rocks from Brazil coast matches with those from Western Africa.

II. The gold deposits of Ghana are derived from the Brazil plateau when the two continents lay side by side.

III. The Gondwana system of sediments from India is known to have its counterparts in six different landmasses of the Southern Hemisphere.

Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.I and III only
  2. B.I and II only
  3. C.I, II and III
  4. D.II and III only
Show answer
Correct answer: C. I, II and III

All three are classic pieces of evidence used to support Alfred Wegener's theory that the continents were once joined. Wegener proposed in 1912 that all continents formed one supercontinent, Pangaea, which later broke apart.

Q137.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2025, GKEasy

Which of the following statements with reference to Humus is/are correct? 1. It is a dark coloured amorphous substance. 2. Being colloidal in nature, it serves as a reservoir of nutrients. Select the answer using the code given below:

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Both 1 and 2

Humus is the dark, amorphous organic matter of soil, and its colloidal nature lets it hold nutrients and water for plants.

Q138.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2025, GKMedium

Identify the type of climate on the basis of the following characteristics relating to it : I. Temperature is high throughout the year. II. Rainfall is variable with a short wet season and a longer dry season. III. Climate of Sudan and Paraguay is an example of this climate type. Select the answer using the code given below :

  1. A.Sub-tropical steppe climate
  2. B.Mid-latitude steppe
  3. C.Tropical monsoon climate
  4. D.Tropical wet and dry climate
Show answer
Correct answer: D. Tropical wet and dry climate

This is the savanna (Sudan type) climate: hot all year, with a short rainy summer and a long dry season.

Q139.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2025, GKEasy

Identify the cloud on the basis of the following characteristics relating to it : I. They look like cotton wool. II. They exist in patches and have flat base. III. They are generally formed at a height of 4 to 7 km. Select the answer using the code given below :

  1. A.Cirrus
  2. B.Cumulus
  3. C.Nimbus
  4. D.Stratus
Show answer
Correct answer: B. Cumulus

Cumulus clouds look like heaps of cotton wool, appear in scattered patches with a flat base, and generally form at a height of 4 to 7 km.

Q140.GeographyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2025, GKMedium

Which of the following statements with reference to Surface inversion of temperature is/are correct ? 1. It causes instability in the lower layers of the atmosphere. 2. This inversion commonly lasts for a few hours until the Sun comes up. Select the answer using the code given below :

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 2 only

A surface inversion makes the lower air stable, not unstable, and it usually breaks up a few hours after sunrise.