Geography Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 41

The Tropic of Capricorn, at about 23.4° South, runs just south of Bolivia's southern border and does not enter the country.

Of the four small states listed, Meghalaya had the largest population in Census 2011, about 29.7 lakh people. The question compares four of India's least populous states.

Havelock Island was renamed Swaraj Dweep, but the names given for Ross Island and Neil Island have been swapped. On 30 December 2018 Prime Minister Narendra Modi announced new names for three islands of the Andaman and Nicobar group at Port Blair.

Mercury is both the smallest and the least massive of the eight planets, with only about 5.5 per cent of the mass of the Earth.

The Pacific Plate is one of the seven major lithospheric plates and the largest of them all. The earth's lithosphere is broken into rigid plates that move over the softer asthenosphere.

An antecedent river is older than the uplift it now cuts across. The Indus, the Sutlej and the Brahmaputra rise beyond the main Himalayan range, north of it in Tibet.

A canyon is a deep valley whose sides fall in steep, step-like slopes. Both gorges and canyons are cut by rivers, mostly in the youthful stage.

The Polar Front Theory explains how temperate or extra-tropical cyclones are born and grow. The theory was put forward by the Norwegian meteorologists Vilhelm and Jacob Bjerknes around the end of the First World War.

Stalactites, stalagmites and pillars form inside limestone caves from minerals left behind by water seeping underground. Rainwater with dissolved carbon dioxide dissolves limestone and hollows out caves; this is called karst topography.

Loktak Lake lies south of Imphal in Manipur and is the largest freshwater lake in North-East India. Loktak is famous for its phumdis, floating masses of soil, vegetation and decaying organic matter that drift on the water.

Kamarajar Port, earlier called Ennore Port, lies on the Coromandel Coast about 24 km north of Chennai. The port was built to take the load of coal imports off Chennai Port and to feed the thermal power stations of the Tamil Nadu electricity board.

The Caucasus Mountains run for about 1,100 kilometres from the eastern shore of the Black Sea to the western shore of the Caspian Sea, forming a wall across the isthmus between the two seas.

In a recumbent fold the rock layers are pushed over so far that the fold lies on its side and its axial plane is almost horizontal.

Most places have two high tides a day, and because the moon rises about 52 minutes later each day, each high tide comes about 12 hours 26 minutes after the last.

In Köppen's code, C means a warm temperate climate, f means rain in all seasons with no dry season, and a means a hot summer.

The Kuroshio is a warm current that flows north-east along the east coast of Japan, carrying warm tropical water from the North Equatorial Current.

Chalk is a soft, white limestone built up from the tiny calcium carbonate shells of marine micro-organisms, so it is an organically formed sedimentary rock.

All three statements about the Richter scale are correct. Statement 1 is correct: the American seismologist Charles F. Richter devised the scale in 1935 at the California Institute of Technology, working with Beno Gutenberg.

Java lies wholly in the Southern Hemisphere, roughly between 6° S and 9° S, so the Equator does not pass over it.

In inter-cropping the crops share a field at the same time but stand in planned rows. A common pattern is one row of one crop after a set number of rows of another, for example soyabean with maize, or pearl millet (bajra) with cowpea (lobia).