Geography Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 15

The word monsoon comes from the Arabic 'mausim', meaning season, and the climate is defined by winds that reverse their direction between summer and winter.

The North-South and East-West corridors of the National Highways Development Project intersect at Jhansi in Uttar Pradesh. The North-South corridor runs from Srinagar to Kanyakumari, and the East-West corridor from Silchar in Assam to Porbandar in Gujarat.

Histosols are the soil order made mostly of organic matter, such as peat and muck, rather than of mineral particles.

Plantation agriculture is the large-scale growing of a single cash crop such as tea, coffee, rubber, sugarcane, cocoa or bananas, mainly for export.

Fuji. Mount Fuji in Japan is a volcanic mountain, built up by layers of lava and ash, not by the folding of rock layers.

Mercury is small and very close to the Sun, so its weak gravity and the intense solar heat and wind have stripped away almost all gas; it has only a trace exosphere, which is why it is described as having no atmosphere.

The Suez Canal is an artificial sea-level waterway joining two seas, and it is the busier and more important of the two great canals.

Only statement 3 is wrong, because stratus, nimbostratus and stratocumulus are low clouds, not high clouds. Statement 1 is correct: clouds take two basic forms, layered stratiform sheets formed by gentle lifting of air and heaped cumuliform clouds formed by rising convection currents.

As rivers come down from the mountains onto the plains, their slope suddenly drops and they can no longer carry their heaviest load.

Europe lies entirely north of the Tropic of Cancer, its southernmost points being above 34 degrees north, and Antarctica lies far south of the Tropic of Capricorn, beyond the Antarctic Circle, so neither continent is touched by any of the three lines.

Regur is the black soil of the Deccan, and its ability to hold moisture makes it the classic cotton soil of India.

Panaji, the capital of Goa, lies at about 15.5° N latitude, the lowest of the four cities, so it is the closest to the Equator.

Chhattisgarh is a long, narrow state that stretches from about 17.8° N in Sukma district to about 24.1° N in Balrampur district, a north-south length of roughly 700 km.

All three features listed, excess salts of sodium, potassium and magnesium, a sandy to loamy texture and their spread in western Gujarat, the eastern deltas and the Sundarbans, describe saline soils.

The Ganga flows from west to east across the northern plains, so the cities follow the order in which the river reaches them.

Stewart Island, the Bay of Plenty and Hawke Bay are all in New Zealand. Stewart Island, called Rakiura in Maori, is the third-largest island of the country and lies south of the South Island across the Foveaux Strait.

Koppen placed the Ganga plain of northern India under Cwg, a monsoon type with dry winters.

. Mica is an excellent electrical insulator that withstands high voltage and heat, so it is used mainly in the electrical and electronic industries.

All three statements are correct. Meridians of longitude are half-circles that run from the North Pole to the South Pole, so they are farthest apart on the Equator, about 111 km per degree, and come closer towards the poles until they meet there, where the gap becomes zero.

At spring tide the pulls of the Sun and the Moon add up, so the tidal range is at its greatest.