Geography GK Questions with Answers – Page 48

All three are classic pieces of evidence used to support Alfred Wegener's theory that the continents were once joined. Wegener proposed in 1912 that all continents formed one supercontinent, Pangaea, which later broke apart.

The equator crosses none of these three water bodies; in Africa it passes through Lake Victoria, not Lake Tanganyika.

The Madhesis belong to Nepal and the Rohingya to Myanmar, while the Kurds have nothing to do with Bangladesh. The Madhesis are the people of the Terai plains of southern Nepal, close to the Indian border, with strong ties of language and kinship to Bihar and Uttar Pradesh.

Of the six countries listed, the Andes pass through Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador and Venezuela, but not through Brazil or Paraguay.

The rocky planets are dense, the gas giants are light, and Saturn is the least dense planet of all. Earth is the densest planet in the Solar System at about 5.5 g/cm³, with Venus close behind at about 5.2 g/cm³; both are made of rock and metal.

The exosphere, the outermost layer of the atmosphere, is made up mostly of the two lightest gases, hydrogen and helium.

The Quaternary, the latest period of the Cenozoic era, is divided into the Pleistocene and the Holocene epochs. The Quaternary began about 2.58 million years ago.

The 1971 Census recorded a decadal growth of about 24.8 per cent for 1961–71, the highest of any decade in India's census history.

The tundra is too cold, with a very short growing season and permanently frozen subsoil, for trees to grow, so it has no timber.

Humus is the dark, amorphous organic matter of soil, and its colloidal nature lets it hold nutrients and water for plants.

Bauxite is a mixture of hydrated aluminium oxides and hydroxides, not a silicate, and it is the main ore of aluminium.

Only the Aral Sea has shrunk drastically because of human activity. The Aral Sea, on the border of Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan, was once the world's fourth-largest lake.

The Cuvette Centrale peatland of the Congo Basin is the world's largest tropical peatland. Scientists mapped this vast peat swamp only in 2017, spread across the Republic of the Congo and the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

The Masai are a cattle-keeping people of the East African savanna, moving their herds with the seasonal rains; their life is the standard textbook example of pastoral nomadism in the tropical grasslands.

The Ural mountains, an old worn range running north to south across Russia, together with the Ural river, the Caspian Sea and the Caucasus, form the conventional boundary between Europe and Asia, which is why the two are often treated as one land mass called Eurasia.

It also passes more capital cities than any other river, among them Vienna, Bratislava, Budapest and Belgrade.

The Volga, about 3,530 kilometres long, is the longest river of Europe and flows entirely within Russia to end in the Caspian, which is a landlocked salt lake and the largest lake in the world, so the Volga never reaches an ocean.

The correct answer is B, Mount Elbrus, 5,642 metres, a dormant volcano in the Caucasus range in Russia and the highest point of the continent.

The Great Rift Valley runs for about six thousand kilometres from the Jordan valley and the Dead Sea, down the Red Sea, through Ethiopia and the lake region of East Africa to Mozambique, and it is the largest rift on the continents, formed where the crust is being pulled apart.

Its shape and depth come from the rift: the floor between two parallel faults sank, giving a trough rather than a shallow basin.