Environment & Ecology Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 6

Valmiki National Park and Bhimbandh Wildlife Sanctuary are both in Bihar, while the other two are in other States. Valmiki National Park, with its tiger reserve, lies in West Champaran district in the far north-west of Bihar, along the Nepal border, where it adjoins Nepal's Chitwan National Park.

Carbon dioxide, water vapour and CFCs are all greenhouse gases, because each of them traps the heat that the Earth gives off and warms the lower atmosphere.

Rainforest soil is actually poor in nutrients, even though the forest above it is the richest on land. Heat and heavy rain make dead leaves decompose within weeks, and the released nutrients are taken up almost at once by the dense roots and fungi of the trees.

The Invasive Species Specialist Group (ISSG) is one of the expert groups of the IUCN's Species Survival Commission, and it manages the Global Invasive Species Database.

When coal, petrol or diesel burn with too little oxygen, the burning is incomplete and gives out carbon monoxide, soot and unburnt hydrocarbons, the worst pollutants from vehicles and power plants.

The German zoologist Ernst Haeckel coined the word 'Oekologie' in 1866 in his book Generelle Morphologie der Organismen.

Statement 1 is true and statement 2 is false. Race to Zero is a global campaign backed by the United Nations and launched in 2020, ahead of the COP26 climate talks in Glasgow.

Green plants are the producers of a terrestrial ecosystem, and NCERT's Class 10 chapter Our Environment states that they capture about 1 percent of the energy of the sunlight that falls on their leaves and convert it into food energy through photosynthesis.

A greenhouse gas is one whose molecules absorb the long-wave infrared radiation given off by the warm surface of the Earth and send part of it back, keeping the planet about 33 degrees Celsius warmer than it would otherwise be.

Gir in Gujarat is a national park and wildlife sanctuary, famous as the only home of the Asiatic lion, but it has never been declared a biosphere reserve.

The Cold Desert Biosphere Reserve in the Lahaul and Spiti region of Himachal Pradesh was notified in 2009 as India's 16th biosphere reserve.

This 1987 report gave the world the standard definition of sustainable development quoted in the question. The report, titled Our Common Future, was prepared by the World Commission on Environment and Development, set up by the United Nations in 1983.

The Ramsar Convention is the international treaty for the conservation and wise use of wetlands. It was signed on 2 February 1971 at Ramsar, a town in Iran on the Caspian Sea, and came into force in 1975.

Statement 1 is right: all four were declared Ramsar wetlands of international importance in 2021, Sultanpur and Bhindawas in Haryana, and Thol and Wadhwana in Gujarat.

Nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxide are the two gases that turn rain acidic. When coal and oil burn in power plants, factories and vehicles, they release sulphur dioxide and nitrogen oxides into the air.

Under the Wildlife (Protection) Act, 1972, wild animals belong to the government and a protected animal is protected everywhere, but mere fear of danger does not justify killing it.

Greenwashing is misleading green marketing. The word joins "green" with "whitewashing", which means covering up faults.

It is the only one of the four set up as an authority under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. The Central Ground Water Authority (CGWA) was constituted in 1997 under Section 3(3) of the Act, following a Supreme Court direction in the M.C.

Supplying resources, sustaining life and providing aesthetic services are all functions of the environment. The environment is the total of all the living and non-living things around us.

The Miyawaki method grows dense, fast-growing native forests on small plots of land, which suits crowded cities. The method was developed by the Japanese botanist Akira Miyawaki.