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Environment & EcologyMediumAsked in: SSC CPO · 4 Oct 2023, Shift 3

In which year did Ernst Haeckel introduce the term ‘ecology’ to describe the economies of living forms?

  1. A.1888
  2. B.1884
  3. C.1887
  4. D.1866

Correct answer

D. 1866

Explanation

The correct answer is D, 1866. The German zoologist Ernst Haeckel coined the word 'Oekologie' in 1866 in his book Generelle Morphologie der Organismen. He built it from the Greek oikos, meaning house or household, and logos, meaning study, so ecology is the study of living things in their home, their relations with each other and with their surroundings. That is why the question speaks of the 'economies' of living forms, since economy comes from the same oikos. Haeckel was a strong supporter of Darwin and also gave biology words such as phylum. A related date that papers test is 1935, when the British ecologist A. G. Tansley coined the term 'ecosystem'. A is wrong because 1888 has no link with the word; by then it had been in use for over twenty years. B is wrong because 1884 is also too late and is not a date tied to ecology's naming. C is wrong because 1887 is likewise unconnected with Haeckel's coinage. Exam tip: ecology by Haeckel in 1866, ecosystem by Tansley in 1935.

Practice Questions

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Q2.Environment & EcologyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2019, GKMedium

Which one of the following statements about the National Green Tribunal is not correct?

  1. A.It was set up in the year 2010.
  2. B.It is involved in effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation of forests.
  3. C.It may consider giving relief and compensation for damages to persons and property.
  4. D.It is bound by the procedures laid down under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.
Show answer
Correct answer: D. It is bound by the procedures laid down under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.

The National Green Tribunal is not bound by the Code of Civil Procedure; it is guided by the principles of natural justice.

Q3.Environment & EcologyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2018, GKHard

Consider the following statements about National Wildlife Action Plan (NWAP) of India for 2017-2031:

1. This is the Third National Wildlife Action Plan.

2. The NWAP is unique as this is the first time India has recognized the concerns relating to climate change impact on wildlife.

3. The NWAP has ten components.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.1 and 2 only
  3. C.2 and 3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 1 and 2 only

The plan for 2017-2031 is India's third National Wildlife Action Plan and the first to deal with the impact of climate change on wildlife, but it has five components, not ten.