UPSC CAPF GK Questions 2026

Heavy sand mining lowers the water table and exposes groundwater to pollution, but it does not reduce river salinity. Riverbed sand acts as a sponge and a filter: it stores water, recharges the aquifers along the river and cleans water as it seeps down.

Constitutional government means limited government: those in power can act only within the limits that the constitution lays down. The essence of constitutionalism is that state power is restrained by a higher law, so that rights are protected and authority cannot be used arbitrarily.

Anatolia–Turkey and Amhara–Ethiopia are correct, while Cabo Delgado and Catalonia are paired with the wrong countries. Anatolia, also called Asia Minor, is the large peninsula between the Black Sea and the Mediterranean that forms most of Turkey's territory, so pair 1 is correct.

Neeldarpan, the Bengali play about the cruelty of European indigo planters towards the peasants of Bengal, was written by Dinabandhu Mitra in 1858–59 and published in 1860, earlier than the other three events.

When the Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950, its Preamble declared India a Sovereign Democratic Republic.

In 1920 Mahatma Gandhi became president of the All India Home Rule League, and under him it was renamed the Swarajya Sabha.

Both statements deny powers of judicial review that Indian courts clearly hold. Statement 1 is wrong.

Article 39(c), one of the Directive Principles in Part IV, directs the State to ensure that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment.

The Senkaku Islands are a small group of uninhabited islands in the East China Sea, administered by Japan and claimed by China, which calls them the Diaoyu Islands; Taiwan also claims them as Diaoyutai.

Ferric chloride is a salt of a weak base, iron(III) hydroxide, and a strong acid, hydrochloric acid, so its solution is acidic and has a pH below 7.

The magnetic field inside a long solenoid is B = μ₀nI, where n is the number of turns per unit length and I is the current, so the field depends on these two and not on the diameter.

Electromagnetic waves need no medium, so they travel through vacuum, and they consist of electric and magnetic fields that oscillate at right angles to each other and to the direction of travel.

In many single-celled organisms such as Amoeba and Paramecium, a special contractile vacuole collects excess water and some wastes from the cytoplasm and pumps them out of the cell.

A pollen grain lands on the stigma, grows a pollen tube that travels down through the style, and enters the ovary to reach an ovule, where fertilisation takes place.

A generator, whether AC or DC, produces electricity because a coil rotating in a magnetic field has a changing magnetic flux through it, and Faraday's laws say that a changing flux induces an electromotive force.

Autotrophs take carbon dioxide from their surroundings and build their own organic food from it, so CO₂ is their main source of carbon.

Soap in water forms a lyotropic liquid crystal, a phase whose ordered structure appears because of the amount of solvent mixed in, not because of temperature alone.

Maize is a crop of the Americas, and it reached India in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries via Africa and Spain; by the seventeenth century it had become one of the major crops of western India.

In India's land-use classification, land that is left uncultivated for more than five agricultural years is recorded as culturable waste land, even though it could be brought back under cultivation with reclamation.

There is no compound with the formula 4CaO·SiO₂ in Portland cement; the four main compounds of cement clinker are dicalcium silicate, tricalcium silicate, tricalcium aluminate and tetracalcium aluminoferrite.