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Indian PolityHardAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2019, GS Paper I

Which of the following statements is/are correct regarding the Maternity Benefit (Amendment) Act, 2017? 1. Pregnant women are entitled for three months pre-delivery and three months post-delivery paid leave. 2. Enterprises with crèches must allow the mother minimum six crèche visits daily. 3. Women with two children get reduced entitlements. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.1 and 2 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3

Correct answer

C. 3 only

Explanation

The correct answer is C, 3 only. The 2017 amendment raised paid maternity leave from 12 to 26 weeks, but not in the split the question gives. Of the 26 weeks, not more than eight can be taken before the expected date of delivery, so statement 1, three months before and three months after, is wrong. The amendment also made a crèche compulsory for establishments with 50 or more employees and said the woman must be allowed four visits a day to the crèche, including her rest interval, so the figure of six in statement 2 is wrong. Statement 3 is correct: a woman who already has two or more surviving children gets only 12 weeks of leave, of which not more than six can come before delivery. The amendment also gave 12 weeks to adopting and commissioning mothers and allowed work from home where the job permits. Option A is wrong because statements 1 and 2 are false. Option B is wrong because statement 2 is false. Option D is wrong because it includes the two false statements. Exam tip: 26 weeks, eight before delivery; 12 weeks from the third child; four crèche visits a day.

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Q1.Indian PolityAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2019, GS Paper IMedium

In the context of polity, which one of the following would you accept as the most appropriate definition of liberty?

  1. A.Protection against the tyranny of political rulers
  2. B.Absence of restraint
  3. C.Opportunity to do whatever one likes
  4. D.Opportunity to develop oneself fully
Show answer
Correct answer: D. Opportunity to develop oneself fully

In political theory, and in the spirit of the Indian Constitution, liberty means positive freedom: the conditions and opportunities a person needs to develop their personality fully.

Q2.Indian PolityAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2021, GS Paper IEasy

Constitutional government means

  1. A.a representative government of a nation with federal structure
  2. B.a government whose Head enjoys nominal powers
  3. C.a government whose Head enjoys real powers
  4. D.a government limited by the terms of the Constitution
Show answer
Correct answer: D. a government limited by the terms of the Constitution

Constitutional government means limited government: those in power can act only within the limits that the constitution lays down. The essence of constitutionalism is that state power is restrained by a higher law, so that rights are protected and authority cannot be used arbitrarily.

Q3.Indian PolityAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2021, GS Paper IEasy

What was the exact constitutional status of India on 26th January, 1950?

  1. A.A Democratic Republic
  2. B.A Sovereign Democratic Republic
  3. C.A Sovereign Secular Democratic Republic
  4. D.A Sovereign Socialist Secular Democratic Republic
Show answer
Correct answer: B. A Sovereign Democratic Republic

When the Constitution came into force on 26 January 1950, its Preamble declared India a Sovereign Democratic Republic.

Q4.Indian PolityAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2019, GS Paper IMedium

With reference to the Constitution of India, consider the following statements : 1. No High Court shall have the jurisdiction to declare any central law to be constitutionally invalid. 2. An amendment to the Constitution of India cannot be called into question by the Supreme Court of India. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: D. Neither 1 nor 2

Both statements deny powers of judicial review that Indian courts clearly hold. Statement 1 is wrong.

Q5.Indian PolityAsked in: UPSC Civil Services · CSE Prelims 2021, GS Paper IMedium

Under the Indian Constitution, concentration of wealth violates

  1. A.the Right to Equality
  2. B.the Directive Principles of State Policy
  3. C.the Right to Freedom
  4. D.the Concept of Welfare
Show answer
Correct answer: B. the Directive Principles of State Policy

Article 39(c), one of the Directive Principles in Part IV, directs the State to ensure that the operation of the economic system does not result in the concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment.