Which of the following led to the introduction of English Education in India ? 1. Charter Act of 1813 2. General Committee of Public Instruction, 1823 3. Orientalist and Anglicist Controversy Select the correct answer using the code given below:

The correct answer is D, 1, 2 and 3. All three were steps on the road to English education in India. The Charter Act of 1813 for the first time made the East India Company set aside at least one lakh rupees a year for the revival of literature and the promotion of knowledge of the sciences among Indians, putting education on the state's agenda. The General Committee of Public Instruction, formed in 1823, was given charge of spending that money. Its members split into two camps: the Orientalists, who wanted to support Sanskrit and Arabic learning, and the Anglicists, who wanted Western knowledge taught through English. That Orientalist and Anglicist controversy was settled by Macaulay's Minute of 1835, after which Lord William Bentinck's government decided that funds would go to Western learning through the English language. Option A is wrong because it leaves out the controversy whose outcome brought English education. Option B is wrong because it leaves out both the 1813 Act and the controversy. Option C is wrong because it leaves out the committee that managed the funds. Exam tip: 1813 Charter Act gave one lakh rupees, 1823 committee, 1835 Macaulay's Minute.