The Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque, the earliest surviving mosque built by the Delhi Sultanate, was raised by:

The correct answer is A, Qutb-ud-din Aibak. He began the Quwwat-ul-Islam mosque at Delhi in 1192 after the second battle of Tarain, using the carved pillars and stones of temples that stood on the site, which is why its courtyard colonnade carries Indian bells, chains and foliage. Its arched screen was added in front of the prayer hall in the older corbelled manner, since the true arch had not yet arrived. Aibak also began the Qutub Minar beside it.

Option B, Balban, ruled later in the same Slave dynasty and is remembered for his tomb at Mehrauli, which shows an early experiment with the true arch. Option C, Muhammad bin Tughlaq, ruled in the fourteenth century and is known for Jahanpanah and the shifting of the capital to Daulatabad. Option D, Ibrahim Lodi, was the last Sultan of Delhi, defeated at Panipat in 1526. Only Aibak matches the date and the mosque.