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Indian HistoryMedium

In which year were the first High Courts established at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras under the Indian High Courts Act, 1861?

  1. A.1858
  2. B.1861
  3. C.1862
  4. D.1866

Correct answer

C. 1862

Explanation

The correct answer is C, 1862. The Indian High Courts Act was passed in 1861 and the courts it authorised were actually established the next year, so the three presidency High Courts at Calcutta, Bombay and Madras date from 1862. They took over the work of both the Supreme Courts set up under royal charters and the Sadar Diwani and Sadar Nizamat Adalats of the Company. Option A, 1858, is the year the Crown took over the government of India from the Company. Option B, 1861, is the year of the Act itself, and the pairing of the Act with the year the courts opened is the usual trap in this question. Option D, 1866, is the year the High Court for the North Western Provinces was established at Agra and soon moved to Allahabad, making it the fourth High Court in India.

Read the full article: British Administration in India: Services, Police and Courts

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Who among the following is called the father of the civil services in India?

  1. A.Warren Hastings
  2. B.Lord Cornwallis
  3. C.Lord Wellesley
  4. D.Lord Dalhousie
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Correct answer: B. Lord Cornwallis

Cornwallis, Governor General from 1786 to 1793, is called the father of the civil services in India because he fixed adequate salaries for the Company's servants, forbade them from carrying on private trade or taking presents, and made promotion depend on seniority instead of patronage, which together turned a trading…

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Which Charter Act ended the patronage of the Company and introduced open competition for recruitment to the civil service?

  1. A.Charter Act of 1793
  2. B.Charter Act of 1813
  3. C.Charter Act of 1853
  4. D.Charter Act of 1833
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Correct answer: C. Charter Act of 1853

This Act took away the Company's right to nominate its civil servants and threw recruitment open to competition, after which the committee headed by Lord Macaulay in 1854 settled the syllabus and the first competitive examination was held in London in 1855.

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Who was the first Indian to join the Indian Civil Service?

  1. A.Romesh Chunder Dutt
  2. B.Satyendranath Tagore
  3. C.Surendranath Banerjee
  4. D.Anandamohan Bose
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Correct answer: B. Satyendranath Tagore

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Which Act laid the foundation of the modern police system in India?

  1. A.The Government of India Act, 1858
  2. B.The Indian Police Act, 1861
  3. C.The Indian Evidence Act, 1872
  4. D.The Indian Councils Act, 1892
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Correct answer: B. The Indian Police Act, 1861

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The Indian Police Commission of 1902-03, known as the Fraser Commission, recommended the creation of which body?

  1. A.A Department of Criminal Intelligence
  2. B.The Imperial Police Service
  3. C.A Federal Court of India
  4. D.A Public Service Commission
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Correct answer: A. A Department of Criminal Intelligence

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