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Indian PolityEasyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2024, GK

According to B. R. Ambedkar, which one among the following Articles is the 'heart and soul' of the Constitution of India?

  1. A.Article 15
  2. B.Article 21
  3. C.Article 23
  4. D.Article 32

Correct answer

D. Article 32

Explanation

The correct answer is D, Article 32. Dr. B. R. Ambedkar called Article 32 the very soul and heart of the Constitution because it makes the Fundamental Rights enforceable.

Article 32, the Right to Constitutional Remedies, lets any person move the Supreme Court directly when a Fundamental Right is violated. The Court can issue writs of habeas corpus, mandamus, prohibition, certiorari and quo warranto. Without this remedy the other rights would be mere declarations, which is why Ambedkar said in the Constituent Assembly that an Article without which the Constitution would be a nullity is Article 32. The right itself is part of the basic structure, and it can be suspended only during an emergency under Article 359.

A, Article 15, bars discrimination on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth. B, Article 21, protects life and personal liberty. C, Article 23, prohibits human trafficking and forced labour.

Exam tip: Article 32 goes to the Supreme Court, Article 226 to the High Courts; both issue the five writs.

Practice Questions

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Q1.Indian PolityAsked in: NDA · NDA-I 2018, GATHard

Which of the following provision(s) of the Constitution of India became effective from 26th November 1949? 1. Elections 2. Citizenship 3. Emergency provisions 4. Appointment of the Judges Select the correct answer using the code given below :

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.1 and 2 only
  3. C.1,2 and 3
  4. D.2 and 4
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 1 and 2 only

The provisions on citizenship and elections came into force on 26 November 1949, the day the Constituent Assembly adopted the Constitution.

Q2.Indian PolityAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2018, GKMedium

Which of the following are the functions of the National Human Rights Commission (NHRC)? 1. Inquiry at its own initiative on the violation of human rights 2. Inquiry on a petition presented to it by a victim 3. Visit to jails to study the condition of the inmates 4. Undertaking and promoting research in the field of human rights Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.1 and 2 only
  2. B.2, 3 and 4 only
  3. C.1, 3 and 4 only
  4. D.1, 2, 3 and 4
Show answer
Correct answer: D. 1, 2, 3 and 4

Section 12 of the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993 gives the NHRC every one of these four functions. The NHRC is a statutory body, not a constitutional one, set up on 12 October 1993 under the Protection of Human Rights Act, 1993.

Q3.Indian PolityAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2024, GKHard

As per the State List under the Seventh Schedule of the Constitution of India, the States have jurisdiction over agricultural land in connection with which of the following subjects? 1. Taxes on agricultural income 2. Duties in respect of succession of agricultural land 3. Estate duty in respect of agricultural land Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.1 and 2 only
  2. B.2 and 3 only
  3. C.1 and 3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: D. 1, 2 and 3

All three are State List subjects: taxes on agricultural income, duties on succession to agricultural land and estate duty on agricultural land.

Q4.Indian PolityAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2025, GKMedium

Which of the following statements is/are correct? 1. First Law Commission recommended Indian Penal Code, 1860. 2. Indian Penal Code, 1860 has been completely replaced by the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023. Select the answer using the code given below :

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: C. Both 1 and 2

The Indian Penal Code was drafted on the recommendation of the First Law Commission, and the Bharatiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 repealed and replaced it.

Q5.Indian PolityAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2024, GKMedium

Through the Forty Second Amendment to the Constitution of India, which of the following was/were inserted into its Preamble? 1. 'Liberty of thought, expression and belief' was substituted by 'Liberty of thought, expression, belief, faith and worship'. 2. The expression 'Unity of the Nation' was substituted by 'Unity and Integrity of the Nation'. Select the correct answer using the code given below.

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.2 only
  3. C.Both 1 and 2
  4. D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 2 only

The 42nd Amendment of 1976 changed 'unity of the Nation' to 'unity and integrity of the Nation', but it did not touch the words on liberty.