Indian History Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 19

Under the Subsidiary Alliance, introduced by Lord Wellesley (Governor-General 1798–1805), the Indian ruler gave up exactly this freedom: he could not make war, sign treaties or even employ other Europeans without the Company's consent, and he had to keep a British Resident at his court.

Excavations at Kalibangan in Rajasthan found a row of fire altars, the clearest evidence of a fire ritual in the Harappan civilisation.

After Gandhi called off the Non-Cooperation Movement in 1922, the Congress split over the next step. The pro-changers, led by C.R.

The Moroccan traveller described the two kinds of post he saw in India under Muhammad bin Tughlaq: the uluq, run by royal horses, and the dawa, run by runners on foot.

Buddhist texts such as the Anguttara Nikaya list sixteen mahajanapadas in the sixth century BC. Most were monarchies, but a few were ganas or sanghas, states ruled by an assembly of clan chiefs rather than a single king.

The brothers Harihara I and Bukka Raya I founded the Vijayanagara Empire in 1336, with its capital on the banks of the Tungabhadra at Hampi.

In his Gettysburg Address of 19 November 1863 he spoke of government of the people, by the people, for the people, and the phrase became the classic definition of democracy.

The Declaration says that all men are endowed with certain unalienable rights, among which are Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.

Wang Xuance, a Tang envoy who came to India several times in the seventh century, wrote an account called Records of the Travels to Middle India, of which only fragments survive.

Dhamma is Ashoka's moral code, not one of the seven limbs of the state listed in Kautilya's Arthashastra. Kautilya, the minister of Chandragupta Maurya, compared the state to a body with seven limbs, or angas.

Peasant risings against moneylenders were common in the 19th century, and the Deccan Riots began at Supa in May 1875.

William Carey, Joshua Marshman and William Ward, the 'Serampore Trio', ran the Baptist mission at Serampore. Carey reached Bengal in 1793, and Marshman and Ward joined him in 1799.

The great Bengal famine of 1769–70 began with failed rains, but the East India Company's harsh revenue demand turned a crop failure into a catastrophe.

The munjaniq, also written manjaniq, was a siege engine that hurled heavy stones at fort walls, that is, a catapult.

Ravikirti was the court poet of Pulakeshin II of the Chalukyas of Badami and composed the Aihole inscription, a Sanskrit prashasti that records the king's victories, including the defeat of Harshavardhana, and in which the poet compares himself to Kalidasa and Bharavi.

Nizamuddin Panipati rendered the Yogavasistha into Persian in Akbar's time, as part of the emperor's large programme of translating Sanskrit works.

Sangam texts mention Brahmanas, kings and traders, showing that the poets knew of the varna order even though Tamil society was not organised strictly by it.

Nannuka–Chandela and Nagabhata II–Gurjara-Pratihara are correct; the other two kings are given the wrong dynasty. Nannuka founded the Chandela line of Jejakabhukti (Bundelkhand) in the ninth century, and his successors built the temples of Khajuraho.

Dhauli (Odisha) and Erragudi (Andhra Pradesh) are matched correctly, while Jaugada and Kalsi are placed in the wrong States. Ashoka's fourteen major rock edicts were carved at points across his empire, often near borders and trade routes.

The Arthashastra is a manual on how a king should govern, defend and expand his state, so its main subject is statecraft.