Indian History Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 21

The fourfold varna order of classical texts consists of Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya and Shudra.

He founded the Satyashodhak Samaj, or Truth Seekers Society, at Pune in 1873, the same year in which his book Gulamgiri appeared.

The first Indian National Army was raised in 1942 by Captain Mohan Singh from Indian prisoners of war captured at the fall of Singapore, with the support of the Japanese army.

Bose reached South-East Asia in 1943, took charge of the Indian Independence League and the Indian National Army at Singapore on 4 July 1943, and on 21 October 1943 proclaimed the Provisional Government of Free India, the Azad Hind Government, in the same city.

At Buxar on 22 October 1764 Hector Munro defeated this alliance of the deposed Nawab of Bengal, the reigning Mughal emperor and the Nawab of Awadh, and the Treaty of Allahabad of 1765 followed.

Clive commanded the forces of the East India Company at Plassey on 23 June 1757 and defeated Siraj-ud-Daulah, the Nawab of Bengal, a victory owed chiefly to the defection of the Nawab's commander Mir Jafar.

The Mir Bakhshi was the head of the military establishment: he kept the muster rolls of the mansabdars, verified the horses and men at inspection, recommended candidates for rank and countersigned their pay orders, and the news writers and intelligence reporters of the provinces also sent their reports through his…

Rajaraja I, who ruled from 985 to 1014, is regarded as the most powerful Chola ruler.

The Chahamanas, known in later tradition as the Chauhans, ruled from Shakambhari and then from Ajmer, and their most famous ruler was Prithviraja III, the Rai Pithora of the ballads, who defeated Muhammad Ghori at Tarain in 1191 and was defeated and killed by him there in 1192.

Delhi first became a capital under the Tomar Rajputs, who founded the town of Dhillika, or Dilli, and built Lal Kot near present day Mehrauli, the earliest of the seven cities of Delhi.

Jyotiba Phule wrote Gulamgiri, which means slavery, in Marathi in 1873, the same year in which he founded the Satyashodhak Samaj at Pune.

Balban sat on the throne of the Delhi Sultanate from 1266 to 1287. He had been a slave of Iltutmish and one of the Chalisa, the band of forty Turkish nobles, and served as naib to the weak Sultan Nasiruddin Mahmud before taking power himself.

Aihole, on the Malaprabha river in the Bagalkot district of Karnataka, was the first capital of the early Chalukyas, the dynasty founded by Pulakeshin I in the sixth century.

The Buddhist text Mahaparinibbana Sutta and the Jaina tradition credit Ajatashatru of the Haryanka dynasty with two engines used in his long war against the Lichchhavis of Vaishali: the Mahashilakantaka, which hurled great stones, and the Rathamusala, a chariot fitted with a mace that swept down ranks of soldiers.

Vijayalaya, who founded the line of the imperial Cholas in the middle of the ninth century, captured the Kaveri delta from the Muttaraiyar chiefs and built Thanjavur, which became the Chola capital and later the site of Rajaraja I's Brihadeeswara temple.

Khatoli, fought in 1517 near Bundi in present-day Rajasthan, was the first clash between Rana Sanga of Mewar and Ibrahim Lodi, who had just succeeded to the throne of Delhi, and the Rajputs won.

Alexander defeated Porus in 326 BCE in the Battle of the Hydaspes, fought on the banks of the Jhelum, the river the Greeks called the Hydaspes.

Prithviraja III, the Chahamana or Chauhan ruler of Ajmer and Delhi, defeated Muhammad Ghori in the First Battle of Tarain in 1191; he is the Prithviraj Chauhan of popular memory.

Balban took the title Zil-i-Ilahi to claim that the sultan rules as the shadow of God on earth, a claim that placed him far above his nobles.

Attlee, the Labour Prime Minister of Britain, told the House of Commons on 20 February 1947 that His Majesty's Government intended to transfer power to responsible Indian hands by June 1948, and announced at the same time that Lord Mountbatten would succeed Lord Wavell as Viceroy.