Computer Awareness Previous Year Questions (PYQ) with Answers – Page 5

A batch file is a plain text file containing a series of commands that the operating system carries out one after another without any further instruction from the user, and it is saved with the extension.bat.

In a database such as Microsoft Access, the view that shows a table as rows and columns, looking like a spreadsheet grid, is called Datasheet view.

The format is named after the committee of experts that drew up the standard, which was published in 1992 for compressing photographs.

The hierarchical model is the first data model used in commercial database software; IBM built its Information Management System on it in the 1960s for the Apollo programme.

To turn a binary number into octal, group the bits in threes starting from the rightmost bit, adding leading zeros to complete the last group, because three bits cover the eight octal digits.

GPRS was added to the 2G cellular system so that the same radio channel could carry data in packets instead of holding a circuit open the way a voice call does.

An IPv4 address, which is what the question means by an IP address, is thirty-two bits long.

Virtualization creates a software layer over the physical processor, memory and storage of a machine, so that one server can be divided into several virtual machines, each running its own operating system as though it had hardware of its own.

A computer works on binary digital signals, and an output device turns the processed result into a form a person can see, hear or hold: a monitor shows it as a picture, a printer puts it on paper, a speaker turns it into sound and a plotter draws it.

When a letter is deleted from a mailbox it is not wiped out at once. It is moved to a folder called Trash, or Bin in some services, and kept there for a fixed number of days so that a letter deleted by mistake can be restored.

A file with the.tmp extension is a temporary file, created by a program while it is working and normally deleted once the work is done.

Windows is proprietary, or closed-source: Microsoft keeps its source code private and sells it under a licence that does not let users study, change or redistribute the code.

A hard disk is secondary storage: the CPU cannot work on its contents directly, and data must first be copied into main memory.

Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is the system of keys and certificates that secures digital signatures and encrypted communication. PKI uses a pair of keys for each user: a public key that anyone can see and a private key kept secret.

WORM describes a storage medium on which data can be written a single time and after that only read, never altered or erased.

A joystick is an input device with a stick fixed in a base that can be tilted in several directions, and the movement of the stick moves an image or a pointer on the screen in the same direction.

F1 is the function key that opens Help in Windows and in almost every Microsoft Office program, which is why it is the first key on the row.

DASD stands for Direct Access Storage Device. It is any storage device on which the read-write head can be sent straight to the place where a record is kept, so a file can be reached without passing over everything stored before it.

Ctrl together with F2 opens the print area of the Backstage view in Excel, Word and PowerPoint, where the page is shown exactly as it will be printed and the printer, copies, orientation and margins can be set.

LEN returns the number of characters in an entry, counting letters, digits, punctuation and spaces alike, so =LEN("Excel") gives 5.