Banking & Financial Awareness GK Questions with Answers – Page 18

A bill of exchange, defined in Section 5 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881, is an unconditional order in writing by which the drawer directs another person, the drawee, to pay a certain sum to or to the order of the payee.

The Reserve Bank of India directed that cheques, drafts, pay orders and banker's cheques would be payable for three months from the date of the instrument, with effect from 1 April 2012, cutting the earlier period of six months.

Section 123 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 provides that where a cheque bears across its face two parallel transverse lines, with or without words such as 'and company', that addition is a general crossing.

Section 138 makes it a criminal offence to issue a cheque that is returned unpaid because the account has insufficient funds or because the amount exceeds the arrangement made with the bank.

Section 6 says a cheque is a bill of exchange drawn on a specified banker and not expressed to be payable otherwise than on demand, and it goes on to include the electronic image of a truncated cheque and a cheque in the electronic form, both added by the amendment…

Section 22 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 says that the maturity of a promissory note or bill of exchange payable otherwise than on demand is the date on which it falls due, and the three days of grace are already counted in arriving at that date.

The Negotiable Instruments Act was enacted in 1881 and came into force on 1 March 1882.

NSF stands for not sufficient funds, and a bank writes it on the return memo when the balance in the drawer's account is less than the amount of the cheque.

Section 6 of the Negotiable Instruments Act, 1881 defines a cheque as a bill of exchange drawn on a specified banker and not expressed to be payable otherwise than on demand.

In a non-fund based facility the bank does not part with money at the time the facility is granted; it only undertakes to pay if the customer fails to, and it charges a commission for that undertaking.

The Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana was launched in April 2015 to refinance small business loans given by banks, non-banking finance companies and micro finance institutions to non-farm income generating activities.

A domestic scheduled commercial bank must lend forty per cent of its adjusted net bank credit, or of the credit equivalent of its off balance sheet exposure if that is higher, to the priority sector.

The real rate of interest is the nominal rate less the rate of inflation, so seven per cent minus six per cent leaves roughly one per cent.

The marginal standing facility lets a bank borrow overnight from the Reserve Bank by dipping into the government securities it holds for the statutory liquidity ratio, up to a prescribed share of its net demand and time liabilities.

Under the Reserve Bank's income recognition and asset classification norms, a term loan becomes a non-performing asset when interest or an instalment of principal stays overdue beyond ninety days, and a cash credit or overdraft account becomes one when it remains out of order for the same period.

Section 58 of that Act defines a mortgage as the transfer of an interest in specific immovable property to secure a loan, and it names six kinds: simple mortgage, mortgage by conditional sale, usufructuary mortgage, English mortgage, mortgage by deposit of title deeds, which is also called an equitable mortgage…

In hypothecation a charge is created on movable property, such as a financed vehicle or the stock in a trader's shop, while the borrower keeps and uses the goods.

Under the BPLR system a bank announced a prime rate for its best customers and then lent to many borrowers below it, so the announced rate told a customer very little and the lending book was not transparent.

The Reserve Bank introduced the MCLR from that date so that the price of a loan would follow the marginal, that is the latest, cost of raising funds rather than the average cost of old deposits.

The South Asia Poverty Alleviation Programme model is called the international model of self help group formation because it was taken up with the support of the United Nations Development Programme and followed the same design across South Asian countries, beginning in India in the districts of Andhra Pradesh.