UPSC Civil Services GK Questions 2026

The court martial of the three officers, a Muslim, a Hindu and a Sikh, opened at the Red Fort in November 1945, and the Congress set up an INA Defence Committee whose counsel included Bhulabhai Desai, Tej Bahadur Sapru, Asaf Ali, Kailash Nath Katju and Jawaharlal Nehru.

The Japanese, who had occupied the islands in 1942, transferred them in name to the Azad Hind Government in December 1943, and Bose renamed them Shaheed and Swaraj, meaning the martyr and self-rule.

Colonel Shaukat Malik of the Indian National Army raised the tricolour at Moirang, a town near Loktak Lake in Manipur, on 14 April 1944.

The Indian National Army had shifted its headquarters from Singapore to Rangoon in January 1944 for the Imphal campaign, and it was in Rangoon on 4 July 1944 that Bose made the speech in which he asked his countrymen for blood in exchange for freedom.

Bose stood for a second term in 1939 against the wishes of Gandhi, who had put forward Pattabhi Sitaramayya, and won by 1,580 votes to 1,377.

Bose was born there on 23 January 1897, the ninth child of Janakinath Bose, a lawyer who practised in the town, and his school years were spent at the Protestant European School and the Ravenshaw Collegiate School in Cuttack.

Bose raised this all-women fighting unit in 1943 and named it after Rani Lakshmibai of Jhansi, the heroine of the revolt of 1857.

The first Indian National Army was raised in 1942 by Captain Mohan Singh from Indian prisoners of war captured at the fall of Singapore, with the support of the Japanese army.

After winning the Tripuri presidential election of 1939 against Pattabhi Sitaramayya and then resigning in April that year, Bose founded the Forward Bloc on 3 May 1939 as a left wing within the Congress, meant to gather all radical and anti-imperialist forces for an immediate struggle.

In a broadcast on Azad Hind Radio in 1944, Bose addressed Mahatma Gandhi as the Father of the Nation and asked for his blessings for the Indian National Army's fight.

Bose reached South-East Asia in 1943, took charge of the Indian Independence League and the Indian National Army at Singapore on 4 July 1943, and on 21 October 1943 proclaimed the Provisional Government of Free India, the Azad Hind Government, in the same city.

The policy of 2021 named four strategic sectors: atomic energy, space and defence; transport and telecommunications; power, petroleum, coal and other minerals; and banking, insurance and financial services.

The National Investment Fund was set up in that year so that money raised by selling government equity would not simply fill the revenue gap.

The Disinvestment Commission was constituted in 1996 as an advisory body to examine enterprises referred to it and to recommend the extent, method and timing of disinvestment in each case, and it was chaired by G. V. Ramakrishna, formerly the chairman of SEBI.

The three real grades are Maharatna, Navratna and Miniratna, and the last is itself divided into category one and category two, so there are four levels in practice.

In 1999 and 2000 the government sold seventy-four per cent of this bread-making company to Hindustan Lever along with management control, and it is counted as India's first strategic sale, that is, the first real privatisation of a central enterprise.

In official usage strategic disinvestment, or strategic sale, means that the government sells a substantial block of shares and hands over management control to the buyer, so the enterprise passes out of the public sector.

It was created as the Department of Disinvestment in 1999, was a separate Ministry of Disinvestment from 2001 to 2004, returned as a department and was given its present name in April 2016.

In that financial year, following the balance of payments crisis and the New Industrial Policy, the government began selling small blocks of shares of selected enterprises to financial institutions and mutual funds.

It is called the Economic Constitution of India because it settled for more than three decades which industries belonged to the state and which to private enterprise, through its Schedules A, B and C, and because it gave the Second Five Year Plan its heavy industry direction under the Mahalanobis…