Railway GK Questions 2026

Napoleon Bonaparte seized power in November 1799 in the coup that overthrew the Directory, and he became First Consul of France, which is the point at which the French Revolution is usually said to have ended; he crowned himself emperor five years later, in 1804.

Napoleon Bonaparte was finally defeated on 18 June 1815 at Waterloo in present-day Belgium by the allied armies led by the Duke of Wellington and the Prussian commander Blucher.

The Eiffel Tower was completed in Paris in 1889, a hundred years after the storming of the Bastille in 1789, and it served as the entrance arch of the World's Fair held that year to mark the centenary of the French Revolution.

Random Access Memory is the working memory in which the operating system, the running programs and the data in use are held, and everything in it is lost the moment the power supply stops, which is exactly what volatile means.

CMOS stands for complementary metal oxide semiconductor, and a small chip of that type on the motherboard stores the BIOS setup values such as the boot order, the date and the time.

Released by Intel in 1971, the 4004 put a complete central processing unit on a single chip for the first time in a commercial product and was a 4-bit processor, originally designed for a calculator.

Each address line can be either 0 or 1, so n address lines give two raised to the power n distinct combinations, and each combination is one memory address.

The address bus carries only the address of the memory location or the input-output port that the processor wants to use, and that address always travels outwards from the processor to memory, never back; a bus that carries signals in one direction only is unidirectional.

In 1945 John von Neumann described a design in which a computer's instructions and its data are both held in the same memory in the same binary form, so that the machine can be given a new task simply by loading a new program instead of being rewired.

The program counter, sometimes called the instruction pointer, always holds the memory address of the next instruction the processor will fetch, and it is incremented automatically as each instruction is taken up so that execution moves forward in order; a jump or branch instruction works simply by loading a new…

The ALU is the part of the processor that actually does the work on data: addition, subtraction, multiplication and division on the arithmetic side, and comparison along with the logical operations AND, OR and NOT on the logic side.

Cache is a small quantity of very fast static RAM placed between the processor and main memory to hold the instructions and data most likely to be needed next, and of the options given it has the shortest access time; only the registers inside the processor itself are faster.

Read Only Memory is the permanent or non-volatile memory of a computer: its contents are written once and survive when the power is switched off, which is why the BIOS firmware that starts the machine and runs the power-on self-test is stored in it.

A byte is made up of eight bits, so half a byte is four bits, and four bits together are called a nibble.

A microprocessor is named after the width of its data bus, that is, the number of bits it can carry in and out in a single operation.

India After Gandhi, published in 2007, is Ramachandra Guha's history of the Indian republic from independence onwards, covering partition, the integration of the princely states, the making of the Constitution, the wars, the Emergency and the economic changes that followed.

The Natyashastra, attributed to the sage Bharata, is the foundational text of Indian performing arts, covering the stage, acting, gesture, costume, music and above all the theory of rasa, the aesthetic flavours a performance should produce; every classical dance form traces its grammar to it.

Banabhatta was the court poet of Harshavardhana of Kanauj in the seventh century, and his Harshacharita is a biography in ornate Sanskrit prose that is a major source for the reign, alongside the account left by the Chinese traveller Hiuen Tsang.

Arthur Llewellyn Basham, a British historian of ancient India, published The Wonder That Was India in 1954 as a survey of Indian civilisation before the coming of the Muslims, and it remains one of the most widely read introductions to the subject; a companion second volume covering the medieval period…

Kautilya, also known as Chanakya and Vishnugupta, is credited with the Arthashastra, a manual in fifteen books covering administration, taxation, law, espionage, diplomacy and war, and traditionally linked with the rise of Chandragupta Maurya.