Who took over the 'Eka Movement' started by the Congress in Awadh during 1921-1922?
- A.Bhagwan Ahir
- B.Madari Pasi
- C.Baba Ramchandra
- D.Shah Naeem Ata
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is B, Madari Pasi. The Eka (unity) Movement began late in 1921 in the Hardoi, Bahraich, Sitapur and Barabanki districts of Awadh, first with Congress and Khilafat workers, and was then taken over and led by Madari Pasi, a peasant leader from a low caste.
The peasants were angry at rents raised far above the recorded amounts, at landlords who forced them to work without pay and at cruel collection of revenue. At Eka meetings they took a religious oath, before a symbol of the Ganga, to pay only the recorded rent and on time, to refuse forced labour and to stand together. Under Madari Pasi the movement grew more militant and drifted away from the Congress line of non-violence, and it was crushed by heavy police action by March 1922.
A is wrong: Bhagwan Ahir was a peasant from Gorakhpur district linked to the Chauri Chaura events of 1922. C is wrong: Baba Ramchandra led the earlier Awadh Kisan Sabha movement of 1920. D is wrong: Shah Naeem Ata is not a leader of the Eka Movement.
Exam tip: Awadh Kisan Sabha 1920 = Baba Ramchandra; Eka Movement 1921-22 = Madari Pasi.
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