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Indian HistoryMediumAsked in: NDA · NDA-I 2021, GAT

Who among the following was the head of the Government that was overthrown by the Bolsheviks in the 1917 Revolution ?

  1. A.Alexander Kerensky
  2. B.Prince Lvov
  3. C.Grand Duke Sergei
  4. D.Tsar Nicholas II

Correct answer

A. Alexander Kerensky

Explanation

The correct answer is A, Alexander Kerensky. He headed the Provisional Government that the Bolsheviks under Lenin overthrew in the October Revolution of 1917.

Russia had two revolutions in 1917. In the February Revolution Tsar Nicholas II abdicated and a Provisional Government took power, first under Prince Georgy Lvov. In July 1917 Kerensky, a moderate socialist, replaced Lvov as its head. The government kept Russia in the First World War and delayed land reform, and its popularity fell. On 25 October 1917 (7 November by the new calendar) the Bolsheviks seized the Winter Palace in Petrograd and Kerensky fled; power passed to the Soviets with Lenin at the head.

B is wrong because Prince Lvov had already resigned in July 1917. C is wrong because Grand Duke Sergei never headed a government and was assassinated in 1905. D is wrong because Tsar Nicholas II was removed in February 1917, not by the Bolsheviks.

Exam tip: February 1917 ends the Tsar; October 1917 ends Kerensky's Provisional Government.

Practice Questions

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Q1.Indian HistoryAsked in: CDS · CDS-II 2016, GKEasy

The 'water frame' of Richard Arkwright was a device for

  1. A.producing a new type of painting
  2. B.irrigating fields for rice cultivation
  3. C.producing strong threads of yarn
  4. D.the faster movement of steamships
Show answer
Correct answer: C. producing strong threads of yarn

Richard Arkwright's water frame, patented in 1769, was a spinning machine driven by water power that spun strong cotton thread.

Q2.Indian HistoryAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2017, GKMedium

Consider the following statements about the Salt March : 1. The Salt March was deliberately ignored by the European media. 2. The Salt March was widely covered by the American and European press. 3. The Salt March was the first nationalist activity in which women participated in large numbers. 4. The Salt March impressed upon the British the urgent need to devolve more power to Indians. Which of the statements given above are correct?

  1. A.1, 2 and 4
  2. B.2, 3 and 4
  3. C.3 and 4 only
  4. D.2 and 3 only
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 2, 3 and 4

The Salt March drew wide notice in the American and European press, brought women into the national movement in large numbers, and made the British see that they had to share more power with Indians.

Q4.Indian HistoryAsked in: CDS · CDS-II 2016, GKHard

The term Upari refers to which one of the following?

  1. A.A category of proprietary tenure under the Mughal rule
  2. B.A category of tenancy tenure under the Maratha rule
  3. C.A soldier in the Maratha army
  4. D.A village headman in the Mughal period
Show answer
Correct answer: B. A category of tenancy tenure under the Maratha rule

In the Maratha villages of the Deccan, an upari was a tenant who cultivated land without any hereditary right to it.

Q5.Indian HistoryAsked in: CDS · CDS-II 2017, GKHard

With regard to nature of Mughal State, who among the following scholars argued that "the peculiar feature of the State in Mughal India was that it served not merely as the protective arm of the exploiting classes, but was itself the principal instrument of exploitation"?

  1. A.Irfan Habib
  2. B.Satish Chandra
  3. C.Athar Ali
  4. D.J. F. Richards
Show answer
Correct answer: A. Irfan Habib

In his study of the Mughal agrarian system, Habib argued that the Mughal State did not merely protect the exploiting classes but was itself the main instrument for taking the peasants' surplus.