Who among the following first used the term 'Industrial Revolution' in English to describe the changes that occurred in British industrial development between 1760 and 1820 ?
- A.Karl Marx
- B.Georges Michelet
- C.Arnold Toynbee
- D.Friedrich Engels
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, Arnold Toynbee. The English economic historian Arnold Toynbee first used the term in English in his lectures on the Industrial Revolution in England.
The term had been used earlier on the continent, by Georges Michelet in France and Friedrich Engels in Germany. Arnold Toynbee, a philosopher and economist at Oxford, gave lectures on the period between 1760 and 1820 in which he used 'Industrial Revolution' in English for the change from domestic handicraft to machine production in factories. The lectures were published after his early death in 1883 as Lectures on the Industrial Revolution in England (1884). He is the uncle of the later historian Arnold J. Toynbee.
A is wrong because Karl Marx wrote about capitalism in Das Kapital, in German. B is wrong because Georges Michelet used the term in French, not English. D is wrong because Friedrich Engels used it in German in The Condition of the Working Class in England (1845).
Exam tip: term 'Industrial Revolution', Michelet in France, Engels in Germany, Arnold Toynbee first in English.
Practice Questions
View allWho gifted the Badshah Nama to King George in 1799?
- A.Abul Fazl
- B.Abdul Hamid Lahori
- C.Nawab of Awadh
- D.William Jones
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In 1799 the Nawab of Awadh presented an illustrated manuscript of the Badshah Nama to King George III of Britain, and it is now kept in the Royal Library at Windsor Castle.
Read the full explanation →The Truman Doctrine of 1947 was announced to achieve which one of the following ?
- A.Containment of the USSR
- B.Increasing agricultural production in the USA
- C.Offering friendship to Europe
- D.Strengthening the UNO
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The Truman Doctrine pledged American support to countries resisting communist pressure, so as to stop the spread of Soviet influence.
Read the full explanation →Consider the following Women’s Associations and their important associates in early twentieth century India :
1. Women’s Indian Association of 1917 : Margaret Cousins
2. National Council of Women in India of 1925 : Sarala Devi Chaudhurani
3. Bharat Stree Mahamandal of 1910 : Lady Meherbai Tata
Which of the above pairs is/are correctly matched ?
- A.1, 2 and 3
- B.2 and 3 only
- C.1 and 2 only
- D.1 only
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Margaret Cousins was a founder of the Women’s Indian Association, but pairs 2 and 3 have their associates swapped. The Women’s Indian Association was founded at Adyar, Madras, in 1917 by Annie Besant, Margaret Cousins, Dorothy Jinarajadasa and others; it campaigned for women’s franchise and education.
Read the full explanation →Which one of the following inscriptions records the history of a guild of silk weavers?
- A.The Hathigumpha inscription
- B.The Mandasor inscription
- C.The Kudumiyamalai inscription
- D.The Udayagiri Cave inscription
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Read the full explanation →Which one of the following statements about Renaissance Humanist culture is NOT true ?
- A.It slackened the control of religion over human life
- B.It believed that human nature was many-sided
- C.It was concerned with good manners
- D.It criticized material wealth, power and glory
Show answer
Renaissance humanists did not condemn wealth, power and glory; they saw them as worthy human aims, so this statement is the one that is not true.
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