Which one of the following statements about the Shvetambara Sect of Jainism is not correct?
- A.It refers to monks, who wear white clothes.
- B.It refers to monks, who migrated to the south of Vindhyas in 4th century BCE.
- C.They recognized the existence canonical texts including the 12 Angas.
- D.They believed that women can also attain salvation.
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is B, It refers to monks, who migrated to the south of Vindhyas in 4th century BCE. The monks who went south were the followers of Bhadrabahu, who later became the Digambaras, not the Shvetambaras.
Jain tradition says that during a long famine in Magadha in the time of Chandragupta Maurya, around the 4th century BCE, Bhadrabahu led a group of monks to Karnataka, where Chandragupta is said to have died at Shravanabelagola. The monks who stayed in the north under Sthulabhadra began to wear white garments and became the Shvetambaras. They compiled the canon at the council of Pataliputra, which recognised the 12 Angas, of which the twelfth was later lost.
A is wrong to choose: Shvetambara literally means 'white-clad', so the statement is correct.
C is wrong to choose: the Shvetambara canon is built on the 12 Angas, so the statement is correct.
D is wrong to choose: Shvetambaras hold that women can attain liberation, and they even regard the 19th Tirthankara, Mallinath, as a woman, so the statement is correct.
Exam tip: Shvetambara – Sthulabhadra, white clothes, women can attain moksha; Digambara – Bhadrabahu, monks go naked, migrated south.
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