Which one of the following pairs of terms and their meanings is not correctly matched ?
- A.Nagarakkani : Land owned by the nagaram
- B.Nattar : Male serpent deity
- C.Yupa : Sacrificial post
- D.Viragal : 'Hero stone' in the Tamil Nadu area
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is B, Nattar : Male serpent deity. Nattar does not mean a male serpent deity; the nattar were the members of the nadu, the assembly of a group of villages in early medieval Tamil Nadu.
Chola-period inscriptions name several local bodies. The nadu was a cluster of villages, and its assembly of leading landholders, the nattar, collected revenue and settled local matters. The nagaram was the assembly of merchants in a market town, and nagarakkani was land owned by the nagaram. The yupa was the sacrificial post of Vedic rituals; some kings set up stone yupas to record their sacrifices. Viragal, or hero stones, were memorial stones raised in the Tamil region for warriors who died in battle or while protecting cattle.
A is wrong as a choice because nagarakkani is correctly matched with land owned by the nagaram. C is wrong as a choice because yupa is correctly matched with the sacrificial post. D is wrong as a choice because viragal is correctly matched with the hero stone of the Tamil area.
Exam tip: Ur = village assembly, sabha = Brahmin village assembly, nagaram = merchants, nattar = assembly of the nadu.
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