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Environment & EcologyEasyAsked in: UPSC CAPF · Paper I, 18 Aug 2019

Which one of the following is the main objective of Vienna Convention and Montreal Protocol?

  1. A.Combat desertification
  2. B.Formulate sustainable developmental goals
  3. C.Protection of ozone layer
  4. D.Combat climate change

Correct answer

C. Protection of ozone layer

Explanation

The correct answer is C, Protection of ozone layer. Both treaties were made to save the ozone layer in the stratosphere, which screens out harmful ultraviolet rays. The Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer was adopted in 1985 as a framework agreement. The Montreal Protocol of 1987 put it into action by fixing deadlines to phase out ozone-depleting substances such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) and halons. In 2009 these became the first UN treaties ratified by every country, and 16 September, the day the Protocol was signed, is observed as World Ozone Day. The Kigali Amendment of 2016 extended the Protocol to hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs). Option A is wrong because desertification is handled by the UN Convention to Combat Desertification of 1994. Option B is wrong because the Sustainable Development Goals were adopted by the UN General Assembly in 2015 as part of Agenda 2030. Option D is wrong because climate change falls under the UNFCCC of 1992, with its Kyoto Protocol and Paris Agreement. Exam tip: Vienna 1985 and Montreal 1987 for ozone; Kigali 2016 added HFCs.

Practice Questions

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Q2.Environment & EcologyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2019, GKMedium

Which one of the following statements about the National Green Tribunal is not correct?

  1. A.It was set up in the year 2010.
  2. B.It is involved in effective and expeditious disposal of cases relating to environmental protection and conservation of forests.
  3. C.It may consider giving relief and compensation for damages to persons and property.
  4. D.It is bound by the procedures laid down under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.
Show answer
Correct answer: D. It is bound by the procedures laid down under the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908.

The National Green Tribunal is not bound by the Code of Civil Procedure; it is guided by the principles of natural justice.

Q3.Environment & EcologyAsked in: CDS · CDS-I 2018, GKHard

Consider the following statements about National Wildlife Action Plan (NWAP) of India for 2017-2031:

1. This is the Third National Wildlife Action Plan.

2. The NWAP is unique as this is the first time India has recognized the concerns relating to climate change impact on wildlife.

3. The NWAP has ten components.

Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

  1. A.1 only
  2. B.1 and 2 only
  3. C.2 and 3 only
  4. D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Correct answer: B. 1 and 2 only

The plan for 2017-2031 is India's third National Wildlife Action Plan and the first to deal with the impact of climate change on wildlife, but it has five components, not ten.