Which one of the following Directive Principles was inserted by the Constitution (42nd Amendment) Act, 1976?
- A.The State shall minimise inequalities in income
- B.Equal justice and free legal aid
- C.Promotion of co-operative societies
- D.Provision for early childhood care
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is B, Equal justice and free legal aid. Article 39A, which directs the State to secure equal justice and provide free legal aid, was added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976.
The 42nd Amendment added four Directive Principles: Article 39(f) on opportunities for the healthy development of children, Article 39A on equal justice and free legal aid, Article 43A on the participation of workers in the management of industries, and Article 48A on protecting the environment, forests and wildlife. Article 39A later led to the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987, which set up NALSA and Lok Adalats on a statutory footing.
A is wrong: Article 38(2), on minimising inequalities in income, was inserted by the 44th Amendment, 1978.
C is wrong: Article 43B, on promoting co-operative societies, came with the 97th Amendment, 2011.
D is wrong: early childhood care under Article 45 was put in by the 86th Amendment, 2002.
Exam tip: 42nd added 39(f), 39A, 43A and 48A; 44th added 38(2); 86th rewrote 45; 97th added 43B.
Practice Questions
View allWhich law prescribes that all proceedings in the Supreme Court shall be in English language ?
- A.Article 145 of the Constitution of India
- B.Article 348 of the Constitution of India
- C.The Supreme Court Rules, 1966
- D.An Act passed by the Parliament
Show answer
Article 348(1)(a) says that, until Parliament by law provides otherwise, all proceedings in the Supreme Court and in every High Court shall be in the English language.
Read the full explanation →Which among the following writs is issued to quash the order of a Court or Tribunal?
- A.Mandamus
- B.Prohibition
- C.Quo Warranto
- D.Certiorari
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Certiorari, meaning 'to be certified' or 'to be informed', is issued by a higher court to a lower court or tribunal to transfer a case or to quash an order it has already passed.
Read the full explanation →Article 371 A of the Constitution of India provides special privileges to
- A.Nagaland
- B.Mizoram
- C.Sikkim
- D.Manipur
Show answer
Article 371A gives Nagaland special protection for Naga religious and social practices, customary law and the ownership of land and its resources.
Read the full explanation →Political analysis involves both normative and empirical approaches. Which of the following statements is/are correct about the two approaches? 1. Knowledge acquired through the empirical approach is value-loaded. 2. Knowledge acquired through the normative approach is objectively neutral. Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- A.1 only
- B.2 only
- C.Both 1 and 2
- D.Neither 1 nor 2
Show answer
Both statements reverse the two approaches: empirical knowledge aims to be value-free, while normative knowledge is value-loaded. The empirical approach studies politics as it is.
Read the full explanation →Which one of the following statements related to below mentioned Committees of the Parliament is correct?
- A.The Rajya Sabha elects more members than the Lok Sabha to the Committee on the Welfare of Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
- B.The Chairperson of the Committee on Welfare of Other Backward Classes is appointed by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha
- C.Members nominated by the Chairman of the Rajya Sabha are more in number than Members nominated by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha on the Committee on Empowerment of Women
- D.The Rajya Sabha elects more members than the Lok Sabha to the Public Accounts Committee
Show answer
The Committee on Welfare of Other Backward Classes is a joint committee whose Chairperson is appointed by the Speaker of the Lok Sabha from among its members.
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