Which of the following statements about the Ghadar Movement is/are correct ? 1. The Ghadar Movement began in 1913 in San Francisco. 2. The movement was founded by Sohan Singh Bhakna. 3. The Ghadar Movement took its name from the weekly Ghadar brought out in several Indian languages. Select the answer using the code given below :
- A.1 only
- B.2 only
- C.2 and 3 only
- D.1, 2 and 3
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is D, 1, 2 and 3, which is also UPSC's official key. All three statements describe the Ghadar Movement correctly.
The Ghadar Party was formed in 1913 on the Pacific coast of the USA by Indian immigrants, mostly Punjabi Sikh farmers and workers, with its headquarters, the Yugantar Ashram, in San Francisco. Sohan Singh Bhakna was its founding president and Lala Har Dayal its leading ideologue, with Kartar Singh Sarabha among its young activists. The party published a weekly paper called Ghadar, meaning revolt, in Urdu, Punjabi (Gurmukhi) and other languages, and the movement took its name from it. During the First World War its members returned to India to start an armed uprising in 1915, which the British crushed.
A and B each accept only one statement and C leaves out statement 1, yet all three statements are true.
Exam tip: Ghadar Party 1913, San Francisco; president Sohan Singh Bhakna, ideologue Lala Har Dayal; Komagata Maru incident 1914.
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