Which of the following articles promotes equal justice and free legal aid for all the citizens?
- A.39A
- B.43A
- C.48A
- D.32A
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is 39A. Article 39A asks the State to ensure that the legal system promotes justice on the basis of equal opportunity, and in particular to provide free legal aid, so that no citizen is denied justice because of economic or other disabilities. It was added by the 42nd Amendment in 1976. Parliament gave effect to it through the Legal Services Authorities Act, 1987, which set up the National Legal Services Authority and legal services bodies in the States and districts.
The other options are the three other Articles with a letter that the 42nd Amendment made famous, and one that does not belong. Article 43A, also added in 1976, is about workers' participation in the management of industries. Article 48A, again from 1976, is about protecting the environment, forests and wildlife. Article 32A was inserted in 1976 but repealed by the 43rd Amendment in 1977, so it no longer exists. A useful memory line: 39A legal aid, 43A workers, 48A environment, all from 1976.
Read the full article: Directive Principles of State Policy (Articles 36–51): Notes and PYQs
Practice Questions
View allWhich of the following are enumerated in Part IV of the Indian Constitution, from Articles 36 to 51?
- A.Fundamental Rights
- B.Fundamental Duties
- C.Directive Principles of State Policy
- D.the Union
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Part IV of the Constitution, Articles 36 to 51, contains the Directive Principles: the goals the State should pursue in making laws and policies, such as a living wage, free legal aid, village panchayats and a Uniform Civil Code.
Read the full explanation →Which Article of the Indian Constitution states the following? ‘Directive Principles of State Policy are fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the state to apply these principles in making laws.’
- A.Article 40
- B.Article 30
- C.Article 35
- D.Article 37
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It says two things at once: the provisions of Part IV "shall not be enforceable by any court", but the principles laid down in it are "nevertheless fundamental in the governance of the country and it shall be the duty of the State to apply these principles in making laws".
Read the full explanation →Equal pay for equal work is ensured under which Article?
- A.Article 39(d)
- B.Article 43
- C.Article 42
- D.Article 39(a)
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Article 39 lists several principles the State should direct its policy towards, and clause (d) asks it to secure equal pay for equal work for both men and women.
Read the full explanation →Article 40 of the Indian constitution is related with ___________
- A.Organization of village panchayats
- B.Free and compulsory education
- C.Free housing to the poor
- D.Free medical aid to the citizen
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Article 40 asks the State to take steps to organise village panchayats and to give them the powers and authority they need to function as units of self-government.
Read the full explanation →Which principle among the following was added to the Directive Principles of State Policy by the 42nd Amendment to the Constitution?
- A.Equal pay for equal work for both men and women
- B.Participation of workers in the management of industries
- C.Right to work, education and public assistance
- D.Securing living wage and human condition of work to workers
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The 42nd Amendment Act, 1976 inserted Article 43A, which asks the State to take steps, by suitable legislation or in any other way, to secure the participation of workers in the management of undertakings and industrial establishments.
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