The North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) was founded in which year?
- A.1945
- B.1947
- C.1949
- D.1955
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, 1949. The North Atlantic Treaty was signed at Washington on 4 April 1949 by twelve countries, during the Berlin blockade, and bound its members to treat an attack on one as an attack on all. Option A is wrong because 1945 is the year the Second World War ended and the United Nations was founded on 24 October. Option B is wrong because 1947 belongs to the Truman Doctrine, announced on 12 March, and to the independence of India and Pakistan; it is the favourite trap in this question. Option D is wrong because 1955 is the year of the Warsaw Pact, the Soviet answer to NATO, and also of the Bandung Conference. The six-year gap between NATO in 1949 and the Warsaw Pact in 1955 is itself a frequently asked point.
Read the full article: Cold War, Decolonisation and Non-Aligned Movement Notes
Practice Questions
View allIn which American city did Winston Churchill deliver his famous 'Iron Curtain' speech in March 1946?
- A.Fulton, Missouri
- B.Washington, D.C.
- C.Boston, Massachusetts
- D.Chicago, Illinois
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Churchill, by then out of office, spoke at Westminster College in Fulton on 5 March 1946 and said that an iron curtain had descended across the continent from Stettin in the Baltic to Trieste in the Adriatic.
Read the full explanation →The Warsaw Pact, the military alliance of the Soviet bloc, was signed in 1955 in which city?
- A.Moscow
- B.Warsaw
- C.Prague
- D.Budapest
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The Treaty of Friendship, Co-operation and Mutual Assistance was signed in the Polish capital on 14 May 1955, which is why the alliance carries that city's name, although its forces were commanded from Moscow.
Read the full explanation →The Asian-African Conference of 1955, an important step towards non-alignment, was held at which place?
- A.Colombo
- B.Bandung
- C.Belgrade
- D.Cairo
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The Asian-African Conference met at Bandung in Indonesia in April 1955 with twenty-nine newly independent countries, condemned colonialism and racialism, and endorsed the principles of peaceful coexistence; it is often called the forerunner of the Non-Aligned Movement.
Read the full explanation →The first summit conference of the Non-Aligned Movement was held in 1961 at
- A.Cairo
- B.Jakarta
- C.Belgrade
- D.Lusaka
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The first summit of non-aligned countries met at Belgrade, then the capital of Yugoslavia, in September 1961, with twenty-five participating countries, and Jawaharlal Nehru, Josip Broz Tito, Gamal Abdel Nasser, Sukarno and Kwame Nkrumah are regarded as the movement's founders.
Read the full explanation →The five principles of peaceful coexistence, known as Panchsheel, were set out in an agreement signed between India and China in which year?
- A.1950
- B.1954
- C.1962
- D.1955
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The five principles were written into the preamble of the agreement on trade and intercourse between India and the Tibet region of China, signed on 29 April 1954 by Jawaharlal Nehru and Zhou Enlai.
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