The national Emergency of 1975 was proclaimed under Article 352 on which ground?
- A.External aggression
- B.Internal disturbance
- C.Armed rebellion
- D.Failure of the constitutional machinery
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is B, internal disturbance. The proclamation of 25 June 1975 was issued under Article 352 on the ground of internal disturbance, an expression so wide that it became the main criticism of the Emergency, which lasted until 21 March 1977. Option A is wrong because external aggression was the ground for the earlier emergencies of 1962 and 1971, not for this one. Option C is wrong as the ground used in 1975, although it is the correct ground today: the Constitution (Forty-fourth Amendment) Act, 1978 replaced internal disturbance with armed rebellion precisely so that a vague disorder could not be used again, and it also required the written advice of the cabinet before a proclamation. Option D is wrong because the failure of the constitutional machinery in a state is the ground for a different provision, Article 356, which is called President's rule and not a national Emergency.
Read the full article: India after Nehru, 1964 to 1991: Complete Notes
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