Identify the climate type based on the given below characteristics : 1. The annual precipitation is low and is around 15 cm. 2. The development of pronounced winter anticyclones and their weakening in summer sets in monsoon-like reversal of wind in this region. 3. Polewards, summer temperatures are low. Select the answer from the options given below:
- A.Subtropical steppe
- B.Humid sub-tropical climate
- C.Cold climate with dry winters
- D.Tundra climate
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, Cold climate with dry winters. All three features match the Dw type of Köppen's scheme, found mainly over north-eastern Asia.
In the Dw climate, an intense high-pressure system, the Siberian anticyclone, builds up over the frozen land in winter and sends cold, dry winds outward. In summer the land heats up, the anticyclone weakens and winds blow in from the sea, so the wind direction reverses in a monsoon-like way. Winters are extremely cold and dry, summers are short and cool towards the pole, and annual precipitation is low, about 12 to 15 cm, falling mostly in summer.
Option A is wrong because the subtropical steppe (BSh) is a hot semi-arid grassland climate of low latitudes without such winter anticyclones. Option B is wrong because the humid subtropical climate (Cfa) has hot summers and fairly heavy rain spread through the year. Option D is wrong because the tundra (ET) lies beyond the tree line, has no month warmer than 10 °C and is not marked by monsoon-like wind reversal.
Exam tip: Dw = Siberian winter anticyclone, monsoon-like reversal, about 15 cm rain; tundra = warmest month below 10 °C.
Practice Questions
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- B.Mizoram
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- D.1, 2 and 3
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- B.2 only
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- C.Himachal Pradesh
- D.Uttarakhand
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- C.3-4-2-1
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