Consider the following statements : 1. Rocks do not remain in their original form for long and undergo transformation. 2. Transformation of rocks is caused by weathering, erosion and metamorphic action. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A.1 only
- B.2 only
- C.Both 1 and 2
- D.Neither 1 nor 2
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, Both 1 and 2. Rocks are constantly changed from one form to another, and the agents of that change are weathering, erosion and metamorphism, which together make up the rock cycle.
Igneous rocks form when magma or lava cools. Weathering breaks rocks down, and erosion and transportation carry the fragments away to be deposited in layers that harden into sedimentary rocks. Heat and pressure deep inside the crust turn igneous and sedimentary rocks into metamorphic rocks, for example limestone into marble and shale into slate. Any of these rocks can be melted again and return as magma. Because of this continuous cycle, no rock keeps its original form for ever.
A is wrong because statement 2 correctly names the processes. B is wrong because statement 1 is also true. D is wrong because both statements describe the rock cycle correctly.
Exam tip: Rock cycle: igneous to sedimentary by weathering and erosion, to metamorphic by heat and pressure (limestone to marble, shale to slate).
Practice Questions
View allWeathering, mass wasting, erosion and transportation are indicators of which one of the following processes?
- A.Denudation
- B.Endogenetic process
- C.Diastrophism
- D.Mountain building
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Weathering, mass wasting, erosion and transportation together wear down and strip away the earth's surface, and this combined work is called denudation.
Read the full explanation →The activities or services focussed on creation, rearrangement and interpretation of new and existing ideas are referred to as
- A.quaternary activities
- B.quinary activities
- C.tertiary activities
- D.secondary activities
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Services that create, rearrange and interpret new and existing ideas, interpret data and evaluate new technologies are classed as quinary activities.
Read the full explanation →Which one of the following is not a mountain peak of the Andaman and Nicobar Islands?
- A.Saddle Peak
- B.Mount Thuillier
- C.Lhotse Peak
- D.Mount Diavolo
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Lhotse is not in the Andaman and Nicobar Islands at all; it is a Himalayan peak on the border of Nepal and Tibet, just south of Mount Everest, and at about 8,516 metres it is the fourth-highest mountain in the world.
Read the full explanation →Which one of the following Indian States has the longest coastline?
- A.Tamil Nadu
- B.Gujarat
- C.Maharashtra
- D.Andhra Pradesh
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Gujarat has the longest coastline of any Indian state. Its coast runs from the Rann of Kachchh in the north, around the Gulf of Kachchh and the Saurashtra (Kathiawar) peninsula, into the Gulf of Khambhat and down to the border with Maharashtra near Daman.
Read the full explanation →Which of the following statements regarding soil is/are correct?
1. Alluvial soils are rich in nitrogen content.
2. Black soils are rich in iron and lime but deficient in nitrogen.
3. Laterite soils are rich in iron and aluminium but deficient in nitrogen and potassium.
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- A.1 and 2 only
- B.3 only
- C.2 and 3 only
- D.1, 2 and 3
Show answer
Statement 1 is wrong: alluvial soils, the most widespread soils of India, are generally rich in potash and lime but poor in nitrogen and phosphorus, which is why farmers on the northern plains add nitrogen fertiliser.
Read the full explanation →