Consider the following pairs : Terms sometimes seen in the news — Their origin 1. Annex-I Countries — Cartagena Protocol 2. Certified Emissions Reductions — Nagoya Protocol 3. Clean Development Mechanism — Kyoto Protocol Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched?
- A.1 and 2 only
- B.2 and 3 only
- C.3 only
- D.1, 2 and 3
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is C, 3 only. All three terms come from the climate treaties, the UNFCCC and its Kyoto Protocol, so only the third pair is right.
The Kyoto Protocol (1997) set binding emission cuts for industrialised countries and created three market mechanisms: the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM), Joint Implementation and Emissions Trading. Under the CDM, a project that cuts emissions in a developing country such as India earns Certified Emission Reductions (CERs), each equal to one tonne of CO2, which rich countries could buy to meet their targets. So pair 3 is correct.
Pair 1 is wrong: Annex-I countries are the industrialised countries listed in the UNFCCC (1992); the Cartagena Protocol deals with the safe movement of living modified organisms.
Pair 2 is wrong: CERs come from the CDM of the Kyoto Protocol; the Nagoya Protocol is about access to genetic resources and benefit-sharing.
So A, B and D are wrong.
Exam tip: Kyoto = CDM, CERs, emissions trading; Cartagena = biosafety (GMOs); Nagoya = access and benefit-sharing.
Practice Questions
View allConsider the following statements :
I. Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in India are less than 0.5 t CO2/capita.
II. In terms of CO2 emissions from fuel combustion, India ranks second in Asia-Pacific region.
III. Electricity and heat producers are the largest sources of CO2 emissions in India.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A.I and III only
- B.II only
- C.II and III only
- D.I, II and III
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India is the second-largest emitter of fuel-combustion CO2 in the Asia-Pacific after China, and power and heat generation is its biggest source, but its per capita emissions are well above 0.5 tonne.
Read the full explanation →The term 'Domestic Content Requirement' is sometimes seen in the news with reference to
- A.Developing solar power production in our country
- B.Granting licences to foreign T.V. channels in our country
- C.Exporting our food products to other countries
- D.Permitting foreign educational institutions to set up their campuses in our country
Show answer
Domestic Content Requirement (DCR) is the rule that certain solar projects must use solar cells and modules made in India.
Read the full explanation →In the context of which of the following do some scientists suggest the use of cirrus cloud thinning technique and the injection of sulphate aerosol into stratosphere?
- A.Creating the artificial rains in some regions
- B.Reducing the frequency and intensity of tropical cyclones
- C.Reducing the adverse effects of solar wind on the Earth
- D.Reducing the global warming
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Both ideas are geoengineering proposals meant to cool the planet by changing how much heat enters or leaves the Earth.
Read the full explanation →Which of the following have species that can establish symbiotic relationship with other organisms?
1. Cnidarians
2. Fungi
3. Protozoa
Select the correct answer using the code given below.
- A.1 and 2 only
- B.2 and 3 only
- C.1 and 3 only
- D.1, 2 and 3
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Cnidarians, fungi and protozoa all include species that live in close, mutually useful partnerships with other organisms. Symbiosis means two different species living closely together, often to the benefit of both.
Read the full explanation →Regarding Peacock tarantula (Gooty tarantula), consider the following statements :
I. It is an omnivorous crustacean.
II. Its natural habitat in India is only limited to some forest areas.
III. In its natural habitat, it is an arboreal species.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
- A.I only
- B.I and II
- C.II only
- D.II and III
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The Gooty tarantula is a tree-dwelling spider found only in a few forest patches of India; it is not a crustacean.
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