Arrange the following events associated with Shivaji in chronological order : 1. Attack on Afzal Khan 2. Capture of Torna 3. Attack on Shaista Khan 4. Annexation of Javli Select the correct answer using the code given below:
- A.2, 4, 1, 3
- B.4, 2, 1, 3
- C.1, 2, 3, 4
- D.3, 1, 2, 4
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is A, 2, 4, 1, 3. Shivaji took Torna first, then Javli, then killed Afzal Khan, and later raided Shaista Khan's camp.
In 1646, still a teenager, Shivaji captured the fort of Torna from the Bijapur Sultanate, his first major conquest. In 1656 he annexed Javli by defeating the More family, which opened the way into the Konkan. In 1659 Bijapur sent its general Afzal Khan against him; at their meeting near Pratapgarh, Shivaji killed him using the wagh nakh (tiger claws). In 1663 he made a daring night attack on the Mughal governor Shaista Khan in Lal Mahal at Pune, wounding him and killing his son.
B is wrong because Javli (1656) came ten years after Torna (1646), not before it. C is wrong because the Afzal Khan episode (1659) came after both Torna and Javli. D is wrong because the Shaista Khan raid (1663) was the last of the four events, not the first.
Exam tip: Shivaji: Torna 1646, Javli 1656, Afzal Khan 1659, Shaista Khan 1663, Treaty of Purandar 1665, coronation 1674.
Practice Questions
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