Chronologically arrange the following treaties/conventions signed between the Marathas and the British (starting with the earliest): 1. Treaty of Salbai 2. Treaty of Purandar 3. Convention of Wadgaon 4. Treaty of Surat Select the correct answer using the code given below :
- A.4-2-3-1
- B.4-3-2-1
- C.1-3-2-4
- D.1-2-3-4
Correct answer
Explanation
The correct answer is A, 4-2-3-1. All four belong to the First Anglo-Maratha War: Surat (1775), Purandar (1776), Wadgaon (1779) and Salbai (1782).
In 1775 the Bombay government signed the Treaty of Surat with Raghunathrao, promising to put him in power as Peshwa in return for Salsette and Bassein. The Calcutta Council under Warren Hastings disowned it and made the Treaty of Purandar with the Maratha regency in 1776. When fighting resumed, a British force was trapped and had to sign the humiliating Convention of Wadgaon in 1779. The war ended with the Treaty of Salbai in 1782, which restored the earlier position and gave the British twenty years of peace with the Marathas.
B is wrong because it puts Wadgaon (1779) before Purandar (1776). C is wrong because it starts with Salbai, which actually ended the war. D is wrong because it reverses the true order, beginning with the last treaty and ending with the first.
Exam tip: First Anglo-Maratha War: Surat 1775, Purandar 1776, Wadgaon 1779, Salbai 1782; Mahadji Sindhia helped broker Salbai.
Practice Questions
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