According to the study, how does a black hole jet affect the gas around a galaxy?

The correct answer is the faint envelope of gas surrounding a galaxy beyond its disc. The study describes the circumgalactic medium as a diffuse, ghostly reservoir of gas that lies past the edge of the stellar disc and spreads out to between ten and twenty times the size of the galaxy, and this reservoir supplies the fuel from which stars are eventually made. Option A describes the crowded central region of a galaxy, which is a different thing altogether. Option C refers to the dust in the spiral arms, which lies within the visible disc and not outside it. Option D describes the region bounded by the event horizon of a black hole, a region from which nothing escapes, and it has nothing to do with this outer gas. The whole point of the study is that a jet from the central black hole reaches out into this envelope.

The correct answer is the Raman Research Institute, an autonomous institute of the Department of Science and Technology, whose scientists worked with colleagues at Arizona State University in the United States. The lead author of the paper, published in The Astrophysical Journal Letters, is Namrata Roy, an assistant professor in the astronomy and astrophysics division of that institute, and a co-author quoted on the finding is Sanchayeeta Borthakur of the American university. The other three names in the options are all genuine and well-known Indian research institutions working in astronomy and physics, which makes them plausible distractors, but none of them is credited with this particular study. In current affairs, always tie a discovery to the exact institute, the lead researcher and the journal, because a question can be set on any of the three.

The correct answer is carpet area and the number of parking slots. The rating framework is about how well a building is wired and covered for communication, so its yardsticks are fibre readiness, whether a mobile network is available inside, the connectivity solutions built into the structure and the Wi-Fi the property offers, with benchmarks that differ from one category of property to another. Carpet area and parking belong to real-estate description and have nothing to do with the connectivity assessment. Fibre readiness, mobile network availability and Wi-Fi infrastructure are all part of the framework, which is why options A, B and D are wrong choices for a question that asks what is left out. The purpose of the exercise is to make connectivity a visible and verifiable attribute of a property, so buyers can compare buildings on it.

The correct answer is 2024. The platform carries out the framework prescribed by the regulator's rules of 2024 on the rating of properties for digital connectivity. Those rules were later amended by a notification issued on 13 May 2026, and the process now followed is the one written into the Rating Manual of 2026, which was brought out on 9 June 2026. So three dates hang together in this story: the parent rules, the amendment and the manual. The other options are years in which no such rating framework was notified by the regulator, and none of them figures in the launch. A careless reading often mixes up the year of the parent regulations with the year of the amendment; remember that the parent rules came first and the amendment and the manual both belong to 2026.

The correct answer is the Telecom Regulatory Authority of India. The Digital Connectivity Rating Platform was launched by the telecom regulator, which functions under the Ministry of Communications, and the launch was announced on 25 September 2026. The regulator framed the rules for rating properties in the first place, registers the agencies that carry out an assessment and publishes the ratings, so the platform sits with it alone. The Department of Telecommunications is the executive arm of the ministry, handling licensing and spectrum, and it did not launch this platform. Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited is a state-owned service provider with no regulatory or rating role in the exercise. The Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology looks after electronics manufacturing and information technology policy, which is an altogether separate subject. Aspirants should tie the platform to the regulator, to its chairman Anil Kumar Lahoti and to the Ministry of Communications.