Geography Mixed Quiz: Set 82

Potholes are drilled into a stream's rocky bed by pebbles and boulders that the swirling water grinds against the rock.

Albania lies on the Adriatic, Kazakhstan on the Caspian and Morocco on the Mediterranean. The Adriatic Sea separates Italy from the Balkan coast of Slovenia, Croatia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Montenegro and Albania.

Parallels of latitude are circles drawn parallel to the equator, and they grow shorter as one moves towards the poles, until a pole is a point with no length at all.

Bandarpunch feeds the Yamuna, Bara Shigri the Chenab and Siachen the Nubra; pairs 3 and 5 are wrong. The Yamunotri glacier, the source of the Yamuna, lies on the western slopes of the Bandarpunch massif in Uttarakhand.

The Greek bathos means depth, so isobaths are the depth contours of a bathymetric chart; the 200 metre isobath is conventionally taken as the outer edge of the continental shelf.

The Pennar river cut the Gandikota gorge through the Erramala hills in the Kadapa district of Andhra Pradesh. Gandikota is often called the Grand Canyon of India.

The correct answer is B, Kanyakumari, also called Cape Comorin, in Tamil Nadu, which stands at about 8 degrees 4 minutes north and is the southern tip of the Indian mainland, where the Arabian Sea, the Bay of Bengal and the Indian Ocean are said to meet.

The Deccan Traps, the vast lava plateau of the north-western peninsula, were laid down by eruptions at the close of the Cretaceous, about 66 million years ago.

Isoseismal lines join points at which the shaking of an earthquake was felt with the same intensity, and because intensity falls away from the source, they are drawn as roughly concentric closed curves around the epicentre, the point of the surface vertically above the focus.

Nanda Devi belongs to the Kumaon Himalaya, but Namcha Barwa and Nokrek are wrongly placed. Nanda Devi (7,816 m) is the highest peak lying wholly within India and the highest in Uttarakhand.

Indira Point lies at the southern end of Great Nicobar, the largest island of the Nicobar group, at about 6 degrees 45 minutes north, and is the southernmost point of the territory of India; it was known as Pygmalion Point before being renamed.

The Teesta flows from Sikkim through West Bengal into Bangladesh and joins the Brahmaputra, so it has nothing to do with the Indus system.

Magnetic declination is the angle between true north and magnetic north, and along the agonic line that angle is zero, so a compass needle there points to true north.

Of the four, the Sabarmati is both the shortest river and the one with the smallest basin. The Sabarmati rises in the Aravalli hills of Rajasthan and flows about 370 km south-west through Gujarat, past Ahmedabad and Gandhinagar, into the Gulf of Khambhat.

This meridian, which passes near Mirzapur in Uttar Pradesh, runs roughly through the middle of the country and was adopted as the standard meridian so that the whole of India could keep one time.

Lucknow, the capital of Uttar Pradesh and the old seat of the Nawabs of Awadh, stands on the Gomti, a tributary of the Ganga that rises in the Pilibhit district.

The Isthmus of Panama joins North and South America and separates the Caribbean Sea from the Pacific, and the Isthmus of Suez joins Africa to Asia; both have been cut by canals precisely because they are narrow.

The Tropic of Cancer, at 23 degrees 30 minutes north, enters India in Gujarat and leaves it in Mizoram, passing on the way through Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand, West Bengal, Tripura and Mizoram.

In Alfred Weber's least-cost theory of industrial location, isodapanes are drawn through all points at which the total transport cost, for assembling the raw materials and for distributing the finished product, is the same; the innermost isodapane marks the area of least total cost, where the plant should be sited.

The correct answer is C, Bangladesh, with which India shares a border of about 4,096.7 km, the longest of all its land boundaries; it touches five Indian states, West Bengal, Assam, Meghalaya, Tripura and Mizoram.