Science & Technology GK Questions with Answers – Page 10

The Indian National Space Promotion and Authorisation Centre, IN-SPACe, is an autonomous body under the Department of Space with its headquarters at Ahmedabad in Gujarat, the city where India's space programme itself began at the Physical Research Laboratory founded by Vikram Sarabhai.

Under the food labelling rules a non-vegetarian article must carry a brown filled triangle within a brown square outline, while a vegetarian article carries a green filled circle within a green square outline.

The Central Agmark Laboratory at Nagpur is the apex laboratory for the Agmark scheme; it analyses samples, settles disputed results and keeps the standard methods, while regional Agmark laboratories do routine testing elsewhere in the country.

World Standards Day is observed on 14 October to mark the day in 1946 on which delegates from twenty-five countries met in London and agreed to create an international standards organisation, which became the International Organization for Standardization, founded in 1947 with its headquarters at Geneva.

The Bureau of Energy Efficiency was set up on 1 March 2002 under that Act and works under the Ministry of Power; its Standards and Labelling programme gives appliances a rating from one star to five stars, where more stars mean less electricity consumed for the same service.

The Silk Mark is issued by the Silk Mark Organisation of India, launched in 2004, which is a society set up by the Central Silk Board under the Ministry of Textiles; the Board itself was constituted in 1949 and has its headquarters at Bengaluru.

The Eco Mark scheme was notified in 1991 for consumer products that cause the least harm to the environment over their life, and the earthen pitcher was chosen as the symbol because it is made from a renewable material, is produced without generating waste, uses little energy and is wholly…

The Authority was created by the Food Safety and Standards Act, 2006, was established in 2008 and works under that Ministry with its headquarters at New Delhi, because food safety is treated as a public health matter.

Fineness is the carat value divided by 24 and multiplied by one thousand, so 22 divided by 24 gives 0.916 and the article is marked 22K916, meaning 91.6 per cent gold.

Agmark is a grade mark given under the Agricultural Produce (Grading and Marking) Act, 1937 to produce such as edible oils, ghee, butter, honey, spices, pulses, wheat flour, besan and eggs, and it is administered by the Directorate of Marketing and Inspection under the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers’ Welfare.

The Bureau works under the Department of Consumer Affairs in that Ministry, and the Union Minister in charge is the President of the Bureau, because standards and certification exist to protect the consumer.

The Bureau is India’s National Standards Body and it grants the ISI mark to manufactured goods that conform to the relevant Indian Standard.

The space agency made the engine by fusing metal powder with a laser and tested it successfully, reducing the number of separate parts in the engine from fourteen to a single printed piece and cutting both the material used and the time taken to build it.

Because the model receives readings from the real machine, building or city as it works, it behaves as the real asset behaves, and engineers can test a change, foresee a failure or plan maintenance on the model without disturbing the original.

The strategy was released by that ministry in 2022 to build a domestic ecosystem for additive manufacturing, covering machines, materials and software, the creation of Indian intellectual property and the skilling of workers, in line with the Make in India and self-reliance programmes.

The country's first 3D-printed post office was built at Cambridge Layout in Bengaluru and opened in 2023, its walls laid down by a concrete printing robot working from a digital design, with technical guidance from an Indian Institute of Technology.

XR is the collective name for augmented reality, virtual reality and mixed reality together, and is used whenever a statement is meant to cover all the technologies that blend the physical world with digital content.

In augmented reality the room, street or object in front of the user stays visible and images, text or sound are added on top of it, as when a camera labels a monument or a windscreen display shows directions.

He popularised the phrase virtual reality in the late 1980s while building and selling some of the first commercial headsets and data gloves, and the name has stuck to the technology ever since.

The novel, published in 1992, uses the word metaverse for a shared virtual city that people enter through goggles and move about in as avatars, and the term was taken up decades later for persistent three-dimensional online worlds.